The effect of food chemicals on cell aging of human diploid cells in in vitro culture.

Kasamaki, Akiko; Urasawa, Shozo

doi:10.2131/jts.18.3_143

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Chromosome aberration data from empirical toxicity testing was found to be concordant with the in vitro screening assay described herein. For example, α-ionone, a rose ketone, which was determined to be clastogenic from the Multiflow ® screening assay, has also been observed to induce chromosome aberrations in CHO cells (Kasamaki et al, 1982;Kasamaki & Urasawa, 1993). Guaiacol, a phenolic acid, is a known genotoxicant and has been shown to increase the sister chromatid exchange in human lymphocytes (Jansson, Curvall, Hedin, & Enzell, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in silico genetic toxicity screening of flavor compounds and other ingredients in tobacco products with emphasis on ENDS

Hung

Savidge

et al. 2020

J of Applied Toxicology

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Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are regulated tobacco products and often contain flavor compounds. Given the concern of increased use and the appeal of ENDS by young people, evaluating the potential of flavors to induce DNA damage is important for health hazard identification. In this study, alternative methods were used as prioritization tools to study the genotoxic mode of action (MoA) of 150 flavor compounds. In particular, clastogen-sensitive (γH2AX and p53) and aneugensensitive (p-H3 and polyploidy) biomarkers of DNA damage in human TK6 cells were aggregated through a supervised three-pronged ensemble machine learning prediction model to prioritize chemicals based on genotoxicity. In addition, in silico quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were used to predict genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential. The in vitro assay identified 25 flavors as positive for genotoxicity: 15 clastogenic, eight aneugenic and two with a mixed MoA (clastogenic and aneugenic). Twenty-three of these 25 flavors predicted to induce DNA damage in vitro are documented in public literature to be in e-liquid or in the aerosols produced by ENDS products with youth-appealing flavors and names. QSAR models predicted 46 (31%) of 150 compounds having at least one positive call for mutagenicity, clastogenicity or rodent carcinogenicity, 49 (33%) compounds were predicted negative for all three endpoints, and remaining compounds had no prediction call. The parallel use of these predictive technologies to elucidate MoAs for potential genetic damage, hold utility as a screening strategy. This study is the first high-content and high-throughput genotoxicity screening study with an emphasis on flavors in ENDS products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in silico genetic toxicity screening of flavor compounds and other ingredients in tobacco products with emphasis on ENDS

Hung

Savidge

et al. 2020

J of Applied Toxicology

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“…In humans, ZEA was suspected of being the causative agent of endometrial adenocarcinoma detected in women with a ZEA concentration in tissue of 170±18 ng/ml (Tomaszewski et al, 1998). Concerning DNA damage, ZEA did not induce mutations either in Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) (Stark, 1980;Kasamaki and Urasawa, 1993), or in Saccharomyces cervisiae (Kuczuk et al, 1978) or in mouse lymphoma L 5178Ytk+ cells (Tennant et al, 1987). Thurst et al (1983) found that ZEA was unable to cause chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchange or cell cycle delay in Chinese hamster V79 cells, but these effects were positive in Chinese hamster ovary cells (Galloway et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenic and epigenetic mechanisms of zearalenone: prevention by Vitamin E

Othmen¹,

Essefi²,

Bacha³

2008

WMJ

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It has been suggested that zearalenone, a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearium, causes DNA damage. However, the mutagenic properties of this toxin are controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate both genotoxic and epigenetic effects of zearalenone in vitro. The effects of zearalenone on unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS), induction of chromosome aberrations and inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication were determined using Vero cells. The results show that in Vero cells, zearalenone treatment caused a concentration-dependent increase in UDS, induced chromosome aberrations and inhibited gap junctional intercellular communication. All of these effects were either prevented or reduced by co-treatment with the antioxidant vitamin E. The results support the hypothesis that in Vero cells zearalenone-induced oxidative stress is involved in and precedes all of the studied effects.

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