The effect of flame structure on soot formation and transport in turbulent nonpremixed flames using direct numerical simulation

Lignell, David O.; Chen, Jacqueline H.; Smith, Phillip J.; Lu, Tianfeng; Law, Chung K.

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.05.013

Cited by 118 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…For example, Shaddix et al found that soot production increased fourfold for a flickering methane/air flame as compared with a steady flame at the same mean fuel flow velocity [10]. Temporally and spatially resolved data are needed that can contribute to the validation of direct numerical simulation studies, which capture the effects of local curvature, strain, and the duration of interaction between flow structures and flames on soot formation and evolution in turbulent nonpremixed flames [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of repetitive pulsing on multi-kHz planar laser-induced incandescence imaging in laminar and turbulent flames

et al. 2015

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Planar laser-induced incandescence (LII) imaging is reported at repetition rates up to 100 kHz using a burstmode laser system to enable studies of soot formation dynamics in highly turbulent flames. To quantify the accuracy and uncertainty of relative soot volume fraction measurements, the temporal evolution of the LII field in laminar and turbulent flames is examined at various laser operating conditions. Under high-speed repetitive probing, it is found that LII signals are sensitive to changes in soot physical characteristics when operating at high laser fluences within the soot vaporization regime. For these laser conditions, strong planar LII signals are observed at measurement rates up to 100 kHz but are primarily useful for qualitative tracking of soot structure dynamics. However, LII signals collected at lower fluences allow sequential planar measurements of the relative soot volume fraction with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio at repetition rates of 10-50 kHz. Guidelines for identifying and avoiding the onset of repetitive probe effects in the LII signals are discussed, along with other potential sources of measurement error and uncertainty. RightsThis paper was published in Applied Optics and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: https://www.osapublishing.org/ ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-40-9-2029&origin=search. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law. Planar laser-induced incandescence (LII) imaging is reported at repetition rates up to 100 kHz using a burst-mode laser system to enable studies of soot formation dynamics in highly turbulent flames. To quantify the accuracy and uncertainty of relative soot volume fraction measurements, the temporal evolution of the LII field in laminar and turbulent flames is examined at various laser operating conditions. Under high-speed repetitive probing, it is found that LII signals are sensitive to changes in soot physical characteristics when operating at high laser fluences within the soot vaporization regime. For these laser conditions, strong planar LII signals are observed at measurement rates up to 100 kHz but are primarily useful for qualitative tracking of soot structure dynamics. However, LII signals collected at lower fluences allow sequential planar measurements of the relative soot volume fraction with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio at repetition rates of 10-50 kHz. Guidelines for identifying and avoiding the onset of repetitive probe effects in the LII signals are discussed, along with other potential sources of measurement error and uncertainty.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of repetitive pulsing on multi-kHz planar laser-induced incandescence imaging in laminar and turbulent flames

et al. 2015

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“…Earlier DNS studies of luminous turbulent flames employed semi-empirical soot models (Lignell et al 2007;Yoo and Im 2007b;Narayanan and Trouvé 2009), which require only a small number (usually two) of additional transport equations. Such models are computationally efficient and robust, but require problem-dependent modifications of the physical parameters in order to match experimental data, and hence have limited predictive capability and generality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of High Fidelity Soot Aerosol Dynamics Models using Method of Moments with Interpolative Closure

Roy

Arias

Lecoustre

et al. 2014

Aerosol Science and Technology

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The method of moments with interpolative closure (MOMIC) for soot formation and growth provides a detailed modeling framework maintaining a good balance in generality, accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency. This study presents several computational issues in the development and implementation of the MOMIC-based soot modeling for direct numerical simulations (DNS). The issues of concern include a wide dynamic range of numbers, choice of normalization, high effective Schmidt number of soot particles, and realizability of the soot particle size distribution function (PSDF). These problems are not unique to DNS, but they are often exacerbated by the high-order numerical schemes used in DNS. Four specific issues are discussed in this article: the treatment of soot diffusion, choice of interpolation scheme for MOMIC, an approach to deal with strongly oxidizing environments, and realizability of the PSDF. General, robust, and stable approaches are sought to address these issues, minimizing the use of ad hoc treatments such as clipping. The solutions proposed and demonstrated here are being applied to generate new physical insight into complex turbulence-chemistry-soot-radiation interactions in turbulent reacting flows using DNS.

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“…These laboratory-scale laminar and turbulent flame studies can reveal important physical characteristics of fundamental combustion processes in practical devices. Recent combustion DNS studies incorporated advanced multi-physics models to describe soot formation, radiative heat transfer, and spray evaporation, providing temporally and spatially resolved combustion events with detailed information of turbulence-flame interaction characteristics [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Numerical Simulation of Non-Premixed Flame Extinction by Water Spray

Arias

Narayanan

et al. 2010

48th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition

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The interaction of turbulent nonpremixed flames with fine water spray is studied using direct numerical simulations (DNS) with detailed chemistry. The study is of practical importance in fire safety devices that operate in the mist regime, as well as an inexpensive temperature control mechanism for gas turbines. The implemented computational methods for the Lagrangian particle-in-cell spray droplet representation and modified characteristic boundary conditions for spray-laden reacting flows are briefly described. The model configuration is a two dimensional ethylene-air counterflow diffusion flame at moderate strain rate. Laminar and turbulent flame simulations are performed with various water loading conditions. Comparison of various simulation cases highlights the flame weakening characteristics due to fluid dynamic strain and water spray evaporation. A modified mixture fraction variable defined in our earlier study [1] is applied to provide correct physical description of the flame response by accurately capturing the flame locations. Findings from this study provide a better understanding of interaction between thermal and aerodynamic quenching in turbulent flame dynamics.

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The effect of flame structure on soot formation and transport in turbulent nonpremixed flames using direct numerical simulation

Cited by 118 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of repetitive pulsing on multi-kHz planar laser-induced incandescence imaging in laminar and turbulent flames

Effects of repetitive pulsing on multi-kHz planar laser-induced incandescence imaging in laminar and turbulent flames

Development of High Fidelity Soot Aerosol Dynamics Models using Method of Moments with Interpolative Closure

Direct Numerical Simulation of Non-Premixed Flame Extinction by Water Spray

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