The Effect of Financial Ratios in Detecting Fraudulent Company Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange

Abstract

Financial statements are means used by entities to communicate financially related circumstances to interested parties both related to the entity's internal and external entities. There are various types of fraud occur in the companies. Types of fraud cases that often occur are asset misappropriation and fraudulent financial statements. Asset Misappropriation is the kind of act of fraud committed by using or taking company property for personal gain. Fraudulent financial statements are defined as fraudulent actions committed by the manager of the company which in the form of material misstatement in the financial report for the purpose to attract the investor. The fraud can be financial or non-financial. This study is meant to examine the effect of financial ratios in detecting fraudulent financial statements. The independent variable used in this study consisted of 5 variables: leverage, profitability, asset composition, liquidity and capital turn over. This study used the financial statements listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) as samples. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The period range of the financial statements used in this study is 2014-2018 or the range of 5 years. Collected data are then tested via SPSS software.

Rasio Keuangan Berpengaruh Negatif Dalam Mendeteksi Financial Distress Dengan Financial Statement: Perusahaan Konsumsi Primer Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (Bei) Tahun 2018-2021

“…Selain itu, rasio ini juga berfungsi sebagai alat untuk mengukur kemampuan manajemen perusahaan untuk mengatasi tantangan persaingan di pasar. (Serly & Eddy, 2020) Kerangka Konseptual Gambar 1. Kerangka Konseptual…”

“…Menurut penelitian terdahulu oleh (Serly & Eddy, 2020) tentang pengaruh Rasio Solvabilitas DER ada pengaruh negatif terhadap financial distress. Sedangkan (Yaramah & Hidayat, 2022) ada pengaruh positif terhadap financial distress laporan keuangan.…”

“…Sedangkan penelitian (Widhayanti & Utomo, 2020), (Firdausya & Parasetya, 2020), tidak ada pengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress. Menurut penelitian terdahulu oleh (Serly & Eddy, 2020), dan (Firdausya & Parasetya, 2020) tentang pengaruh Rasio Solvabilitas DAR ada pengaruh positif terhadap financial distress. Berbeda dengan penelitian (Yaramah & Hidayat, 2022), dan (Widhayanti & Utomo, 2020) tidak ada pengaruh terhadap financial distress.…”

“…Menurut penelitian terdahulu oleh (Widhayanti & Utomo, 2020) tentang pengaruh Rasio Aktivitas (Asset Composition) ada pengaruh negatif terhadap financial distress. Sedangkan hasil penelitian oleh (Serly & Eddy, 2020) tidak ada pengaruh terhadap financial distress laporan keuangan. Menurut penelitian terdahulu oleh (Firdausya & Parasetya, 2020) tentang pengaruh Rasio Likuiditas (current ratio) tidak ada pengaruh terhadap financial distress.…”

“…Menurut penelitian terdahulu oleh (Firdausya & Parasetya, 2020) tentang pengaruh Rasio Likuiditas (current ratio) tidak ada pengaruh terhadap financial distress. Menurut penelitian terdahulu oleh (Serly & Eddy, 2020), ada pengaruh negatif terhadap financial distress. Sedangkan penelitian (Widhayanti & Utomo, 2020) ada pengaruh positif financial distress.…”