The Effect of Filler Content on the Tensile Behavior of Polypropylene/Cotton Fiber and poly(vinyl chloride)/Cotton Fiber Composites

Mahdi, E.; Dean, Aamir

doi:10.3390/ma13030753

Cited by 48 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Hence, nanocomposites can be incorporated [ 37 , 38 ]. Sophisticated non-local damage models based on the phase-field approach to fracture can be employed to improve the numerical prediction, see [ 39 , 40 , 41 ]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of Hybrid Composite Plates for Ballistic Protection: Experimental and Numerical Investigations

2021

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In this paper, hybrid composite plates for ballistic protection were investigated experimentally and numerically, with a target to reduce the weight of currently used body armor inserts and, at the same time, satisfy the requirements of the National Institute of Justice’s (NIJ) ballistic protection standards. The current study has three phases to improve the ballistic plate’s energy absorption capability. The first phase is devoted to studying the effect of the material types, including three different fibers: carbon fiber, date palm fiber, and Kevlar fiber. The second phase is dedicated to studying the effect of hybridization within layers. The two previous phases’ results were analyzed to optimize the material based on the hybrid composite ballistic plate’s maximum energy absorption capability. The commercial finite element software package LS-DYNA was employed for numerical modeling and simulation. The hybrid composite ballistic plate could absorb more impact energy than the non-hybrid Kevlar plate with the same area density from the numerical simulation results. This study provides lighter-weight ballistic inserts with a high protection level, making movement easier for the wearer. The numerical results were verified by comparing results of a plate made of 40 layers of Kevlar with an actual ballistic test. The results indicated that the simulation results were conservative compared to the ballistic test.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Evaluation of Hybrid Composite Plates for Ballistic Protection: Experimental and Numerical Investigations

2021

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“…Improvement of geosynthetic materials using recycled cotton wastes have found application as filler for reinforced structures. Reference [ 73 ] investigated the effect of mechanical properties of cotton fibre as filler in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites under quasi-loading. The increase in stiffness of the composite is attributed to the increase in the filler, suggesting improved mechanical properties.…”

Section: Environmental Impact Of Cotton Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton Wastes Functionalized Biomaterials from Micro to Nano: A Cleaner Approach for a Sustainable Environmental Application

et al. 2021

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The exponential increase in textile cotton wastes generation and the ineffective processing mechanism to mitigate its environmental impact by developing functional materials with unique properties for geotechnical applications, wastewater, packaging, and biomedical engineering have become emerging global concerns among researchers. A comprehensive study of a processed cotton fibres isolation technique and their applications are highlighted in this review. Surface modification of cotton wastes fibre increases the adsorption of dyes and heavy metals removal from wastewater. Cotton wastes fibres have demonstrated high adsorption capacity for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater. Cotton wastes fibres have found remarkable application in slope amendments, reinforcement of expansive soils and building materials, and a proven source for isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Several research work on the use of cotton waste for functional application rather than disposal has been done. However, no review study has discussed the potentials of cotton wastes from source (Micro-Nano) to application. This review critically analyses novel isolation techniques of CNC from cotton wastes with an in-depth study of a parameter variation effect on their yield. Different pretreatment techniques and efficiency were discussed. From the analysis, chemical pretreatment is considered the most efficient extraction of CNCs from cotton wastes. The pretreatment strategies can suffer variation in process conditions, resulting in distortion in the extracted cellulose’s crystallinity. Acid hydrolysis using sulfuric acid is the most used extraction process for cotton wastes-based CNC. A combined pretreatment process, such as sonication and hydrolysis, increases the crystallinity of cotton-based CNCs. The improvement of the reinforced matrix interface of textile fibres is required for improved packaging and biomedical applications for the sustainability of cotton-based CNCs.

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“…Undoubtedly, reducing waste is possible through recycling, and among the many methods, mechanical recycling is the most effective and environmentally friendly: grinding PVC for use as polymer filler [ 7 , 8 ], a polymer blend [ 9 ] or an aggregate substitute in concrete mix [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Another method is to add natural filler from the agro-food industry (agro-waste), thereby supporting biodegradability, renewability and the economy [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. An advantage of these composites is that they can be manufactured using traditional plastic processing techniques, making it possible to form products of different shapes and sizes for use in various industries, such as construction and automotive and in consumer applications [ 13 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO2

et al. 2021

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The common applications of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) in many industries mean that the topic of recycling and disposal of post-consumer waste is still very important. One of the methods of reducing the negative impact of PVC waste on the natural environment is to use technological or post-consumer waste of this polymer to produce new composite materials with favorable utility properties, with the addition of natural fillers, among which agro-waste, including hop residue, is deserving of special attention. In this study, the effect of the addition of residual hops (H) on the mechanical and physicochemical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) was investigated. PVC blends containing 10, 20 and 30 wt % of hop residue were mixed in an extruder, while the specimens were obtained by the injection molding method. It was observed that the addition of H increased their thermostability, as shown by a Congo red test. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis showed that the degradation rate of PVC/H composites in the first and second stages of decomposition was lower in comparison with unmodified PVC. In turn, composite density, impact strength and tensile strength decreased significantly with an increasing concentration of filler in the PVC matrix. At the same time, their Young’s modulus, flexural modulus and Rockwell hardness increased. Flame resistance tests showed that with an increasing residual hop content, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) decreased by 9.0; 11.8 and 13.6%, respectively, compared to unfilled PVC (LOI = 37.4%). In addition, the maximum heat release rate (pHRR) decreased with an increasing filler content by about 16, 24 and 31%, respectively. Overall, these composites were characterized by a good burning resistance and had a flammability rating of V0 according to the UL94 test.

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The Effect of Filler Content on the Tensile Behavior of Polypropylene/Cotton Fiber and poly(vinyl chloride)/Cotton Fiber Composites

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Design and Evaluation of Hybrid Composite Plates for Ballistic Protection: Experimental and Numerical Investigations

Design and Evaluation of Hybrid Composite Plates for Ballistic Protection: Experimental and Numerical Investigations

Cotton Wastes Functionalized Biomaterials from Micro to Nano: A Cleaner Approach for a Sustainable Environmental Application

Composites of Poly(vinyl chloride) with Residual Hops after Supercritical Extraction in CO2

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