The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/Kevlar/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions

Abstract

This work investigated the thermo‐mechanical behavior of (carbon/Kevlar) intraply hybrid composites. The carbon/Kevlar plies' orientation and sequential arrangement were varied. Carbon and Kevlar composites, as well as five different intraply hybrids (HFRPs) composite such as carbon‐0°/Kevlar‐90°, carbon‐45°/Kevlar‐135°, carbon‐90°/Kevlar‐0°, carbon/Kevlar (inter‐changing layer), and carbon/Kevlar‐45° (inter‐changing layer) composites, and a plain epoxy panel, have been developed. The thermo‐mechanical characteristics of the fabricated composites were estimated using a dynamic automated analyzer under changing mechanical and thermal load conditions. The DMA technique measured the HFRPs composite visco‐elastic parameters by increasing the temperature from 30°C to 150°C at frequencies ranging from 1 to 20 Hz. Flexural test characteristics for neat epoxy, carbon fiber‐reinforced composites, Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites, and carbon/Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites were estimated to aid the study. The experimentally measured versus analytically calculated viscoelastic parameters were related. The results revealed that carbon‐90° oriented in warp direction/Kevlar‐0° oriented in weft direction exhibited higher modulus and lower loss tangent followed by carbon/Kevlar plies oriented in alternate layers and carbon/Kevlar plies oriented in inter‐changing layers at 45°. Carbon‐0° introduced in the weft direction/ Kevlar‐90° introduced in the warp direction, and carbon‐45°/Kevlar‐135° exhibited intermediate storage and loss modulus and a moderate loss tangent at the various frequency levels considered in the study.

Experimental evaluation on the synergistic effect of PC/ABS/DGEBA blend in fracture toughness enhancement of CFRP composites at cryogenic temperatures

“…The decrease in polymer chain mobility is represented by the rightward shift in the tan (δ) peak. 46 We can see from Figure 2D that polymer chain mobility increases only for the 90/10 modified CFRP, while it decreases in all other cases. This confirms that as the concentration of ABS in the composition increases, the polymer chain mobility is restricted more.…”

“…The rightward shift observed in peak values of loss modulus shown in Figure 2E indicates higher temperature, which could be due to better fiber/matrix adhesion. 46 It should also be noted that DGEBA with 100% PC modifier has the best performance, followed by 90% PC and 10% ABS blend (90/10). As the concentration of ABS in the PC/ABS exceeds 10%, the peak loss modulus falls below the reference, represented in Figure 2B.…”

“…Tan delta (tan (δ)), the mechanical loss factor or the ratio of loss modulus to storage modulus represents the damping properties of a material. 46 Figure 2D depicts the fiber/matrix interface effect and polymeric chain mobility. The peak values of the tan (δ) curve represent the degree of fiber cross-linkage in CFRP composites.…”

A Review of Delamination Damage of Composite Materials

“…When a structure is bent, edge strains can also occur between identical layers [28]. Carbon-oxide composites are the most susceptible to edge delamination, compared to glass and organoplastics [29]. From the reviews on the edge effect as a cause of delamination, we note [30][31][32].…”

Experimental Investigation of Influence of Fibre Orientation on the Dynamic Properties of Carbon Fibre and Intra-Ply Woven Carbon-Kevlar/Epoxy Hybrid Composite

“…The impact hammer tests have been previously compared with forced vibration tests by employing an electrodynamic shaker and the results were similar. The response from these tests is assessed in terms of receptance or accelerance plots, which subsequently depends on the sensors employed to measure the response [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”