The effect of fennel essential oil and trans-anethole on antibacterial activity of mupirocin against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from asymptomatic carriers

Abstract

Introduction Staphylococcus aureus constitutes the most pathogenic species within the staphylococcal genus. Humans remain the major reservoirs of this pathogen which colonizes mostly anterior nares of healthy individuals. Aim To investigate the effect of fennel essential oil (FEO) and trans -anethole ( t A) on antibacterial activity of mupirocin (MUP) against S. aureus strains isolated from asymptomatic carriers. Material and methods The content of the FEO was analysed with use of the GC-MS method. The research done on 43 S. aureus isolates with different resistance patterns, obtained from nasal vestibule. Antibacterial activity of MUP in combination with FEO or t A was examined using the agar dilution method and E-test method. The data analysis was done with the Pearson’s χ 2 test. Results The chemical composition of FEO was consistent with the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) for the main constituent – t A (77.9%) according to the EP recommendations. Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance phenotype was prevalent among 39.5% of S. aureus isolates. FEO concentrations of 2.0% and 2.5% revealed antibacterial activity against 76.7% of isolates, whereas t A inhibited S. aureus growth at concentrations > 4.0%. The MIC values for MUP combined with FEO as well as for MUP combined with t A were < 0.064 µg/ml for 79.1% and 86.0% of S. aureus isolates, respectively. Conclusions Our experiment revealed FEO and t A influence on MUP effectiveness. The combination of MUP with FEO as well as MUP with t A are worth considering to implement in S. aureus eradication procedures. These findings will be useful in designing efficient antistaphylococcal agents which can limit the emergence of antibiotic resistance.

In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial potential of Some Medicinal Plants Extracted by Supercritical Fluid Extractor; Their Phytochemistry and GC-MS Analyses

“…This result is in line with those who had investigated phytochemistry, antimicrobial activity and GC-MS of Portuguese fennel fruits that gave very compatible results with the current study where the crude extract has antimicrobial activity slightly lower than those belong to positive standard used; tetracycline as antibacterial and nystatin as antifungal [45]. Also, our finding showed moderate effect of fennel extract against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolate and this result is relative to those findings which concluded that the combination between fennel essential oil and mupirocin has a significant eradicating effect against S. aureus and his finding will be useful antistaphylococcal agent [46].…”

Heated fennel therapy promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after complex abdominal surgery: A single-center prospective randomized controlled trial in China

“…Numerous studies have shown that FV effectively controls a range of infectious disorders of bacterial, fungal, viral, mycobacterial, and protozoal origin. [15][16][17][18][19] Along with the present study, a study in rats showed that treatment with a Cassia obtusifolia L. (CO) and FV mixture has beneficial effects against constipation. 20 In addition, fennel essential oil improves symptoms and the quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.…”

In vitro estimation of superfluid critical extracts of some plants for their antimicrobial potential, phytochemistry, and GC–MS analyses

“…This result is in line with those who had investigated phytochemistry, antimicrobial activity and GC–MS of Portuguese fennel fruits that gave very compatible results with the current study where the crude extract has antimicrobial activity slightly lower than those belonging to the positive standard used; tetracycline as antibacterial and nystatin as antifungal [ 51 ]. Also, our finding showed a moderate effect of fennel extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolate and this result is relative to those findings which concluded that the combination between fennel essential oil and mupirocin has a significant eradicating effect against S. aureus and his finding will be useful antistaphylococcal agent [ 52 ].…”