The Effect of Feeding Certain Synthetic Vitamins of the B Complex on their Content in Milk and Urine

Marsh, D.C.; Pearson, P. B.; Rupel, I.W.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(47)92410-7

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…According to a review by Kirchgessner et al (1965) and two more recent studies by the same group (Kirchgessner et al, 1991a,b) milk PA concentrations range from 1.7 to 5.5 mg/l, which is similar to the PA values of the present study (4.5–6.6 mg/l). One previous study (Marsh et al, 1947) tested the influence of a B‐vitamin mix, consisted of PA, thiamine, riboflavin and nicotinic acid, on milk PA concentrations in dairy cows and goats. Daily supplementations of each vitamin of 0.5, 2 and even 16 g could not increase milk PA concentrations in dairy cows (Marsh et al, 1947).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One previous study (Marsh et al, 1947) tested the influence of a B-vitamin mix, consisted of PA, thiamine, riboflavin and nicotinic acid, on milk PA concentrations in dairy cows and goats. Daily supplementations of each vitamin of 0.5, 2 and even 16 g could not increase milk PA concentrations in dairy cows (Marsh et al, 1947). In goats, daily supplementations of 0.25 g of each vitamin could not increase the milk PA concentrations either; however, 2 g of each vitamin led to an increase.…”

Section: Pantothenic Acid Content In Duodenal Digesta Serum and Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a pantothenic acid supplementation to different rations on ruminal fermentation, nutrient flow at the duodenum, and on blood and milk variables of dairy cows

Ragaller

Lebzien

Bigalke

et al. 2010

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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To investigate the effects of a dietary pantothenic acid (PA) supplementation on duodenal nutrient flows, blood and milk variables and especially on duodenal PA flows and PA concentrations in blood and milk German Holstein cows, equipped with cannulas in the dorsal sac of the rumen and in the proximal duodenum were used. In the first experiment of the study two dry and six lactating cows received a diet with a forage to concentrate (F:C) ratio of 34:66 (high concentrate, HC), whereas in the second experiment a diet with a F:C ratio of 66:34 (high forage, HF) was fed to four dry and five lactating cows. The cows received both rations with or without 1 g PA/day. By supplementing PA to the HC ration, the molar percentage of acetic acid increased, whereas the concentration of total short chain fatty acids, the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in the rumen and the serum glucose levels, decreased. With the HF ration the PA decreased the molar percentage of propionic acid and increased the amount of ruminally fermented organic matter. Furthermore, PA supplementation only increased the duodenal PA flow with the HF ration, while the serum and milk PA concentrations and milk PA yields were not affected. Based on the results of the present study, a rumen-unprotected supplementation of PA makes no sense.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pantothenic Acid Content In Duodenal Digesta Serum and Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a pantothenic acid supplementation to different rations on ruminal fermentation, nutrient flow at the duodenum, and on blood and milk variables of dairy cows

Ragaller

Lebzien

Bigalke

et al. 2010

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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show abstract

“…Afterwards concentrations decrease slightly (Lawrence et al., 1946; Pearson and Darnell, 1946; Gregory et al., 1958). With supplementations of 0.5, 2 and 16 g PA per cow per day, Marsh et al. (1947) could not increase the PA content in the milk of dairy cows, whereas supplementing 2 g PA to the diet of goats increased the PA concentration of their milk—a supplementation of 0.25 g had no effect.…”

Section: Pantothenic Acid Concentrations In Blood Milk and Urinementioning

confidence: 85%

“…(1954). For goats, Marsh et al. (1947) found an increased amount of PA in the urine following a PA supplementation of 2 mg/day.…”

Section: Pantothenic Acid Concentrations In Blood Milk and Urinementioning

confidence: 91%

Pantothenic acid in ruminant nutrition: a review

Ragaller

Lebzien

Südekum

et al. 2011

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

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Summary Pantothenic acid (PA) is essential in metabolism due to its incorporation into coenzyme A and acyl‐carrier‐protein. In addition to fodder, ruminants have another PA source, as the micro‐organisms in the rumen can synthesize PA. However, it has not been evaluated whether synthesis can meet the PA requirements of dairy cows. Furthermore, synthesis appears to be influenced by forage to concentrate ratio in the diet. It is not yet clear, if oral PA supplementations can increase the duodenal PA flow in dairy cows, but it has been reported that about 80% of supplemented PA disappears between the mouth and duodenum. However, supplementation of PA can increase blood PA levels. To give a general view of the actual state of research, the present review discusses the current knowledge, identifies gaps in knowledge and presents areas for future research.

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“…Marsh, Pearson & Rupel (316) found that the feeding of synthetic thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid at 2 g. per day to cows did not significantly affect the amount in the milk. Breed differences between Jerseys and Holsteins were found.…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section A. Physiology of dairy cattle: Part II. Physiology and biochemistry of rumination

Owen

1951

Journal of Dairy Research

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Studies of rumination have now reached the interesting stage where an attempt at synthesis of empirical data may profitably be made without too much reliance on unsupported hypotheses. The modern researches stimulated by the approach of the recent World War, and actively continued since in many countries, have been a vindication of the inspired guess known as the hypothesis of Zuntz(l), who suggested that the abundant bacterial flora of the rumen were beneficent symbionts rather than mere commensals. This beneficent symbiosis is probably due to the age-long adaptation of ruminants to a diet rich in cellulose, of which a cow may digest more than 60% of its large intake (2). Ruminal bacteria perform many functions of value to their host. They bring about the digestion of cellulose, a process for which the host animal has no appropriate enzymes. They enable the host to cover a not inconsiderable proportion of its amino-acid requirements by means of such simple nitrogen compounds as ammonium salts, glycine or urea(3). Finally, they render the host independent of exogenous supplies of many of the water-soluble and at least one of the fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin K(3)). These are all major advantages which have probably ensured the survival of the ruminant during the geologically recent vicissitudes of the earth's climate. There are also certain minor biochemical advantages in the possession of a rumen with its abundant microflora. Thus phytin, which is abundant in all seeds and which in non-ruminants is rachitogenic, is hydrolysed completely into non-toxic products in the rumen (4). Defatted soyabean (so-called soyabean oilmeal) unless heat-treated to deactivate the antitrypsins which it contains is toxic to the rat (5). The ruminant, however, tolerates it well. Rumination has, of course, its disadvantages too. Thus a ruminant is not as efficient a digester of its preferred diet as is, say, a carnivore, of its preferred diet. With bacterial aid it can digest cellulose which the carnivore can hardly digest at all, but even with bacterial aid its digestion is comparatively slow, and a large fraction of the cellulose normally passes through the alimentary tract undigested. The ruminant's great merit from the economic viewpoint of the animal husbandman is that it digests a diet so rich in cellulose as to be useless to other domestic animals (2,6,7). It will tolerate far more crude fibre (cellulose) in its diet than will chickens, pigs or even rabbits(2). In comparison with the pig or the dog, the ruminant has a large appetite which is a necessary consequence of its large intake of food of low digestibility. To facilitate bacterial digestion the ruminant has a large 'fill'(8), that is to say, the ratio of the weight of food and food residues in the animal at any time to the weight of the animal's living tissues is large. This is due to the delay of the food, during its passage through the animal, in the rumen, the caecum and the colon, in all of which chambers bacterial fermentations are active. Thus the ruminant carries ...

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The Effect of Feeding Certain Synthetic Vitamins of the B Complex on their Content in Milk and Urine

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of a pantothenic acid supplementation to different rations on ruminal fermentation, nutrient flow at the duodenum, and on blood and milk variables of dairy cows

Effects of a pantothenic acid supplementation to different rations on ruminal fermentation, nutrient flow at the duodenum, and on blood and milk variables of dairy cows

Pantothenic acid in ruminant nutrition: a review

Section A. Physiology of dairy cattle: Part II. Physiology and biochemistry of rumination

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