The effect of Fe³⁺ ions on the electrochemical behaviour of ocean manganese nodule reduction leaching in sulphuric acid solution

Abstract

The effect of Fe3+ ions on the ocean manganese nodule reductive leaching in imitated sulphuric acid solutions was investigated.

Cobalt and Manganese Extraction from Ocean Nodules by Co-Processing with Steel Metallurgical Slag

“…Mn Recovery (%) = 69.58 + 4.25 Time (min) + 17.47 Mn nodule/Fe (res) − 9.05 [Mn nodule/Fe (res) ] 2 (8) Co Recovery (%) = 27.044 + 4.575 Time (min) + 7.367 Mn nodule/Fe (res) − 1.788 Time (min) * Mn nodule/Fe (res) (9) The ANOVA test of both models indicates that the presented multiple linear regression models are adequate to represent the extraction of Mn and Co under the range of the sampled parameters, while the statistics of the Mn and Co recovery models are presented in Table 6. There is no lack of fit of the models, and the values of R 2 (95.39% and 97.08%, for the recoveries of Mn and Co, respectively) validate it.…”

“…Then, in the Challenger expedition (1873-1876), it was discovered that these mineral resources were present in most of the world's oceans [3,4]. Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules (due to their high content of this element), contain various valuable metals such as Cu, Ni and Co, as well as traces of Mo, Ti, Pb, Li, Pt, Ti, Zr and Zn and light and heavy rare earth elements [5], which is why they are considered the most valuable oceanic mineral resource [6][7][8]. Marine manganese nodules are commonly formed by the combination of two processes: hydrogenetic, when all constituents are derived from cold seawater; and diagenetic, when all constituents are derived from cold sediment pore water [9].…”