The Effect of Extrusion Ratio and Material Flow on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Profiles Solid State Recycled from 6060 Aluminum Alloy Chips

Güley, Volkan; Khalifa, Nooman Ben; Tekkaya, A. Erman

doi:10.1063/1.3589746

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As stated in the previous investigation, small extrusion ratio was not sufficient to obtain high quality SSR samples without any cracks, voids, and porosity [10,24,31]. Therefore, in order to improve SSR samples properties obtained with small extrusion ratio, ECAP process was performed.…”

Section: Combination Of Ecap Process and Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In this case SPD contributed not only for grain refinement, but also for additional fracture and refinement of the oxide layers between aluminum chips. Fracture of the oxide layers and their homogeneous distribution inside recycled sample are crucial for high quality SSR samples production [31]. The diameter of the ECAP tool channel used in this work was 15.1 mm.…”

Section: Combination Of Ecap Process and Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Statistical Analysis of the Combined ECAP and Heat Treatment for Recycling Aluminum Chips Without Remelting

Krolo

Lela

Dumanić

et al. 2019

Metals

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The main aim of this paper is to present an environmentally friendly method for aluminum recycling. Development of new recycling technologies in order to increase scrap reuse potential and CO 2 emission savings are of the main importance for aluminum circular economy. In this paper, aluminum chips waste was recycled without any remelting phase in order to increase energy and material savings. The presented process is usually called solid state recycling or direct recycling. Solid state recycling process consists of chips cleaning, cold pre-compaction and hot direct extrusion followed by a combination of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and heat treatment. Influence of holding time during solid solution treatment and both artificial aging time and temperature on mechanical properties of the recycled EN AW 6082 aluminum chips were investigated. A comprehensive number of the experiments were performed utilizing design of experiments approach and response surface methodology. Regression models were developed for describe the influence of heat treatment parameters for presented solid state recycling process on mechanical properties of the recycled samples. Utilizing novel procedure high quality recycled samples were obtained with mechanical properties comparable with commercially produced EN AW 6082 aluminum alloy in T6 temper condition. Metallographic analysis of the recycled samples was also performed.In order to reduce the negative effect on the environment, various authors recognized solid state recycling (SSR) as a possible alternative to the conventional aluminum recycling process [4][5][6][7][8][9]. When SSR is employed, material losses are much smaller because the remelting phase is completely avoided. Aluminum is a highly reactive material and it has a tendency to form aluminum oxide on its surface. This is even more pronounced for lightweight aluminum scrap due to its high surface to mass ratio. During the remelting process this oxide is floating on the melt surface mixed with dross. Therefore, aluminum lightweight scrap (chips, foils, and sheet skeletons) is problematic when conventional recycling technology is used because up to 20% of the aluminum can be lost due to the mixing with dross and burning [9]. According to previous research papers concerned with SSR process, it is possible for material yield to be over 90% when this type of recycling is employed, while energy consumption can be only 10% compared to conventional recycling process that uses remelting [6][7][8]. Furthermore, manufacturing profiles from solid state bonded chips gives a 96% saving in CO 2 emission compared to production from billets made by conventional recycling of aluminum manufacturing waste [8]. In order to produce SSR samples with appropriate quality, the combination of the high temperature, normal stress, shear stress, and plastic deformation should be achieved [6,7]. Therefore, the most used process for SSR is direct hot extrusion, but lately severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes opened new possibilities [10]. SPD i...

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Section: Combination Of Ecap Process and Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Combination Of Ecap Process and Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Analysis of the Combined ECAP and Heat Treatment for Recycling Aluminum Chips Without Remelting

Krolo

Lela

Dumanić

et al. 2019

Metals

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“…Re-melting is a well-know method for processing Al scrap [4]. Re-melting reduces the energy consumption for the whole process of Al production, but due to the high affinity of Al to oxygen, re-melting also leads to significant material losses through the oxidation process in a molten metal [5,6]. Due to the large specific surface, the material losses can grow in the process of re-melting Al chips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compacting Process of the en Aw 6060 Alloy

et al. 2015

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Abstract. This study reports on an investigation of factors affect the process of compacting Al chips which are used to direct scrap processing through the forward extrusion method. EN AW 6060 chips of different geometry and types were mainly used as the experimental material. The chips were compacted in a die with a vertical channel (10.3 mm in diameter). To provide a range of processing conditions, three different weights were selected and compacting was performed under five, different compacting pressures. The movement of the chips within the die during compacting was analysed through numerical simulations using Deform 2D software. Study of the compacting process optimal parameters for increasing the density and enhancing the density distribution were defined. The results from our study clearly show that optimal conditions are obtained when the proportion of D/h is 1/1.1. Moreover, it was recognized that in the process of small chips compacting, there was obtained lower density than in the case of large chips.

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“…A further increment in the fractional reduction of chips has a minimum effect on the overall mass wear and friction coefficient to the recycled chips based composites [36]. PT a (400, 2hrs) [42] PT(450, 20min) [60] PT(450, 2-30min) [53] PT(500, 50min) [23] PT(500, 2hrs) [35,41] PT(500 / 550) [20] / [10] PT(550, 15min) [22] PT(550, 3hrs) [61] PT(550, 6hrs) [11,14,37] ST b (550, 2hrs) [7] ST(650, 2hrs) [68] B: Forming Temperature (°C)…”

Section: Effects Of Chip Morphology Pre-molding and Lubrication Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the thin oxidize layers on the scraps, completely broken into small pieces by high compressive and shear forces which stimulate the individual chip bonding [60]. Guley et al [61] in their study found that through the flat-face die, an ER of 10 did not guarantee a sufficient chip bonding. While at higher ER, the extruded profiles were found to gain superior strength and ductility.…”

Section: Effects Of Die Geometry and Extrusion Ratiomentioning

confidence: 98%

An analysis of solid-state recycling of aluminium alloy AA6061 from controllable hot extrusion processes

Shamsudin¹

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Solid-state recycling of machining chip wastes via hot extrusion has nowadays been seen important to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse effect, perceived more important than the recycling by remelting. Characteristics of machining chips that are micro in size and large area-to-volume ratio in nature, melting can cause a massive molten metal vaporization leading to huge material losses. The hot extrusion process Contents iv

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The Effect of Extrusion Ratio and Material Flow on the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Profiles Solid State Recycled from 6060 Aluminum Alloy Chips

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Statistical Analysis of the Combined ECAP and Heat Treatment for Recycling Aluminum Chips Without Remelting

Statistical Analysis of the Combined ECAP and Heat Treatment for Recycling Aluminum Chips Without Remelting

A Compacting Process of the en Aw 6060 Alloy

An analysis of solid-state recycling of aluminium alloy AA6061 from controllable hot extrusion processes

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