The Effect of Exercise on One Trial Passive Avoidance Learning in Mice

Saitô, Hiroshi; Lee, Chi H.; Soeda, Mari; Takagi, Keijiro

doi:10.2502/janip1944.21.19

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…It was noted in our report (13), that oscillated animals delayed movement into the dark compartment. Moreover different behavioral properties of animals are thought to exist between exploratory movements when entering into a dark place, and movements when going out into a light one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effect of Panax Ginseng Root on Exhaustive Exercise in Mice

1974

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Abstract-Effects of extracts obtained from Panax Ginseng root on recovery frorr exhaustion, were studied using six methods: exploratory movement (EM), hole cross (HC), rotating rod (RR), sliding angle (SA), spring balance (SB) and rectal temp. (RT) tests. Four hr oscillation movements were used as enforced exercise. Drugs were injected i.p. immediately following the exercise. Water extract significantly accelerated the recovery of exploratory movements, increased motor activity index in EM test and elevated rectal temp. However, water extract decreased the index in HC test and grip tone in SB test. Anti-fatigue effects of Ginsenoside RgI were obvi ous in every test. Lipophilic fraction significantly speeded up recovery from fatigue in EM, RR, RT and SB tests, but delayed recovery in HC and SA tests. Neutral saponins fraction had no effect on recovery in the 6 tests. In the EM tests, devised to measure two kinds of exploratory movements of fatigued mice and their spon taneous movement, methamphetamine (2 mg/kg), caffeine (25 and 50 mg/kg), 2 -dimethylaminocthanol (25 mg/kg) and glucose (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly speeded up the recovery of these two exploratory movements, and increased the spon taneous movement.Panax Ginseng root, widely utilized in China, Korea and Japan, is believed to have anti-fatigue and anti-hypothernmal activities. It has also been used to develop physical strength after illness. Petkov (1, 2, 3) reported that water-alcohol extracts of Ginseng root produced CNS-stimulant and analeptic activities. Brekhrnan and Dardymov (4) reported on the adaptogenic activity of Ginseng root and found that panaxosides and their genins produced unusually strong stimulant action. Few reports concerning anti-fatigue activity of Ginseng root have been published. The experiments previously done entailed mice swimming in water (5, 6, 7) and running up an apparently endless rope (8). In our laboratory, pharmacological properties of the extracts from Ginseng root have been studied (9). Slight CNS-stimulant action was found in a crude saponin fraction (GNo. 4) main component of which was Ginsenoside Rgl (GRgl), and lypophilic fraction (GNo. 5).These fractions were presumed to have anti-fatigue activity.The present research was an attempt to determine a simple pharmacological screening method for anti-fatigue activity and an investigation of the effect of Ginseng root on ex hausted animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%