The effect of excess moisture on the germination of Spinacia oleracea L.

Heydecker, W.; Orphanos, P. I.

doi:10.1007/bf00385333

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For each genotype, 50 seeds were placed on top of two sheets of blotter paper in 9-cm petri dishes. Dishes were premoistened with 2 mL autoclaved water (Heydecker and Orphanos, 1968) and placed into zip-sealing bags to prevent water loss. Seeds were allowed to germinate at the designated temperature for 21 d (AOSA, 1993).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on Seed Germination in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

Chitwood

Shi

Evans

et al. 2016

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Breeding heat-tolerant spinach is an important project to meet the demand of increasing spinach production in heat conditions. Seed germination is the early stage to test, screen, and develop heat-tolerant spinach genotypes. The objective of this research was to determine temperature effect on the seed germination percentage and to select heat-tolerant spinach genotypes. A total of nine spinach genotypes were used in this research. The germination experiment was conducted using seven temperatures: 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 32, and 35 °C under growth chambers. The temperature trials were conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. Spinach seed germination percentage varied among the nine spinach genotypes under the seven temperatures, indicating that genetic variation for heat tolerance existed in the nine spinach genotypes. ‘Donkey’, ‘Marabu’, and ‘Raccoon’ showed higher seed germination percentage with over 70% at 30 and 32 °C, indicating the three spinach genotypes had heat tolerance for germination. However, all spinach genotypes except ‘Ozarka II’ dropped their germination percentages sharply to less than 30%; ‘Ozarka II’ had 63% germination under 35 °C, indicating it is a good source of heat tolerance for seed germination. The higher germination percentages above 30 °C of ‘Ozarka II’, ‘Donkey’, ‘Marabu’, and ‘Raccoon’ may indicate their potential as donors of heat-tolerant traits in spinach breeding program.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Temperature on Seed Germination in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

Chitwood

Shi

Evans

et al. 2016

horts

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“…The low germination rate recorded in Field 4 was associated with waterlogging of the soil after heavy rain, when many seeds failed to germinate in comparison with the starting seed density (847 seeds m −2 ). Inhibition of the germination of spinach seeds in the presence of excessive moisture has been attributed to the production of mucilage, which forms a barrier to diffusion of sufficient O 2 for germination (Heydecker and Orphanos, 1968). Only two of the five irrigated fields showed differences.…”

Section: Spinachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Irrigation for Onion and Celery Production and Spinach Seed Germination in Histosols

et al. 2014

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Increasing water scarcity in humid regions requires that food production increase its water use e ciency. Because the hydraulic characteristics of Histosols are di erent from those of mineral soils, water management for vegetable production must be adapted accordingly. e objective of this research was to determine the optimal soil water potential for irrigating onion (Allium cepa L.), celery (Apium graveolens L.), and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) crops in muck soils. Onion and celery were subjected to three irrigation treatments scheduled when tensiometer readings reached -10 or -20 kPa for onion and -30 or -50 kPa (2008) and -15 or -30 kPa (2009) for celery compared with drier control treatments for both crops. For spinach, two irrigation treatments (-10 and -20 kPa) and a control (drier) were tested. Optimal onion marketable yields and jumbo size were obtained from irrigation at potentials above -20 kPa at the bulbing stage. Celery had the best yields with the treatments of 2009 relative to the drier control. e highest spinach germination rate and yield were obtained at -10 kPa. Reliable estimates of the optimal thresholds were consistent with calculations performed using a simple analytical solution to Richards' equation and soil characteristics. Irrigation thresholds for matric potential in a muck soil were shown to be crop speci c and could be derived from a model and basic soil hydraulic characteristics.

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“…In Wisconsin, these crops are planted between mid-April and early June (Delahaut and Newenhouse, 1997). Depending on planting date or growth stage of the crop, excess moisture may result in delayed field work, germination failure (Heydecker and Orphanos, 1968), and development of seedling diseases caused by soilborne pathogens (Koike et al, 2007), all of which can affect yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term Yield of Horticultural Crops in Wisconsin in Relation to Seasonal Climate in Comparison with Southern Ontario, Canada

Tesfaendrias¹,

McDonald²,

Warland³

2013

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The relationship between long-term weather and yield of 11 horticultural crops and one field crop in Wisconsin was determined for a 55-year period (1950–2005). The relationships among weather parameters and yield in Wisconsin were also compared with associations between weather and yields in Ontario, Canada, from a previous study. The number of days in a growing season with maximum temperatures 30 °C or greater (hot days) was negatively correlated with yields of beet for canning (r2 = 0.15), green pea (r2 = 0.16), onion (r2 = 0.08), and sweet corn for processing (r2 = 0.16) in Wisconsin. Hot days were also negatively correlated with yield of green pea (r2 = 0.16) in Ontario, Canada. Growing season precipitation in Wisconsin was positively correlated with yields of beet for canning (r2 = 0.18) and green pea (r2 = 0.09). An increase in yields of beet for canning in Wisconsin and green pea from Ontario was also observed with an increase in number of days with rainfall during the growing season (r2 = 0.12 and 0.15, respectively). Monthly minimum and maximum temperatures and hot days had an effect on vegetable yields in Wisconsin. A high number of days with precipitation in May and July was associated with yields of most vegetables and grain corn in Wisconsin. These results indicated the importance of the total and frequency of seasonal precipitation and the negative effect of exposure of crops to extreme temperatures on yields of vegetable crops.

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The effect of excess moisture on the germination of Spinacia oleracea L.

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Temperature on Seed Germination in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

Effect of Temperature on Seed Germination in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

Optimal Irrigation for Onion and Celery Production and Spinach Seed Germination in Histosols

Long-term Yield of Horticultural Crops in Wisconsin in Relation to Seasonal Climate in Comparison with Southern Ontario, Canada

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