The effect of ethanol on the uptake of α-aminoisobutyric acid by the isolated perfused rat liver

Chambers, John W.; Georg, Ralph H.; Bass, Allan D.

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(66)90065-8

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A possible explanation for our findings with phenylalanine and tyrosine may be drawn from the results of Civen et al 10 They found that glucagon induced tyrosine a-ketoglutarate transaminase much more rapidly (maximal effect about four hours) than phenylalanine pyruvate transaminase (maximal effect about twenty-four hours). The slight depression in blood phenylanine concentration we observed at one hour may have resulted from rapid uptake by tissues, 27 and lack of a sustained depression may reflect the slow induction of phenylalanine a-ketoglutarate transaminase. If this working hypothesis is correct, one might also expect that valine, leucine, and isoleucine transaminases would not be induced by glucagon or would be induced slowly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This might be in part a reflection of a rapid uptake of amino acids by tissues. 27 One of the striking features of the data was the variability in the ultimate reduction of individual amino acids; concentrations of arginine, asparagine -f-glutamine, proline, glycine, alanine, methionine, and tyrosine were depressed at least 60 per cent but concentrations of histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and most of the physiological* amino acids were not depressed over 38 per cent. Arginine, alanine, asparagine -f-glutamine, proline, methionine, and tyrosine were markedly depressed and in some cases appeared to be continuing to fall at seven hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Zinc Glucagon Depression of Blood Amino Acids in Rabbits

Bromer

Chance

1969

Diabetes

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Single doses of glucagon and zinc glucagon were administered to fed rabbits and changes in blood glucose and total blood amino acids were measured. The concentration of amino acids was depressed longer with zinc glucagon !nhmif~M jHT mil ilrncilir fnrjiFjniTf twelve hmirrr>-rhnn wlth~ glucagon. A satisfactoryTaboratory method for comparingthe duration of action of preparations of glucagon was developed. Quantitative analyses showed that all of the common amino acids in plasma were depressed by zinc glucagon. Although 3.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Zinc Glucagon Depression of Blood Amino Acids in Rabbits

Bromer

Chance

1969

Diabetes

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“…Since secondary secretion of insulin might occur in response to epinephrine-induced hyperglycemia and since Chambers el al. [7] found that insulin increased amino acid transfer into liver in vitro and epinephrine did not, we were compelled to investigate the effect of epi nephrine on amino acid transfer in the insulin-deficient rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors suggested that the elevated tissue levels found after epinephrine injection are not caused to any large extent by endogenous adrenocortical or hypophyseal hor mones or by insulin. Chambers et al [7] showed that hydrocortisone, insulin, and glucagon increased the uptake of AIB by the isolated per fused rat liver and that epinephrine did not significantly alter AIB uptake by this system. These results suggested that the action of epinephrine on amino acid transport might be caused indirectly by insulin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of Epinephrine on the Distribution of Two Model Amino Acids in the Diabetic Rat

Sanders¹,

Jacob²

1971

Pharmacology

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The injection of epinephrine (1.0 mg/kg) into alloxan-diabetic, fasted rats depressed the serum concentration of previously administered α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) and 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) within 2 h and simultaneously increased the concentration of these amino acids in the liver. The increase of ACPC and AIB concentrations in the liver following epinephrine injection was nearly 3 times as great in the alloxan-diabetic rats as in normal intact rats. The levels of the two amino acids in skeletal muscle, heart, and diaphragm of the alloxanized rats were unchanged following epinephrine injection, but the distribution ratios in these tissues were raised because the serum concentration decreased 20%.Further studies were carried out employing rats that were treated 1 h before epinephrine injection, with mannoheptulose, a compound which blocks insulin release. The concentration of ACPC and AIB in the serum 2 h after epinephrine injection were lowered. At the same time the concentrations of ACPC in liver and heart were raised, as was the concentration of AIB in heart. The levels of the two amino acids in skeletal muscle and diaphragm were unaltered. However, distribution ratios were raised in the four tissues. These results demonstrate that epinephrine enhances AIB and ACPC transport into the tissues of the insulin-deficient rats in vivo and suggest that epinephrine-stimulated amino acid transport is not due indirectly to insulin.

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“…A recent report by Tews et al [33] suggests that epinephrine, glucagon, and adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate stimulate amino acid transfer into rat liver slices in vitro. Earlier, Chambers et al [4] failed to show that epi nephrine, added in vitro, altered a-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) transport into perfused rat liver. However, in a subsequent report they demonstrated that epinephrine which was injected in vivo stimulated the transport of AIB into perfused rat liver when the transport was measured in vitro [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action of Epinephrine on Amino Acid Uptake into Rat Diaphragm in vitro and in vivo

Sanders¹,

Jacob²

1972

Pharmacology

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The injection of epinephrine (1 mg/kg) into rats caused a significant increase in the distribution ratio (DR) of previously injected 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid (ACPC) and α-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) within 2 h. At the same time epinephrine depressed the concentration of AIB in serum. Epinephrine did not alter ACPC concentration or distribution ratio in the diaphragm of partially eviscerated rats with intact livers and kidney. Additional amino acid transport studies were conducted in vitro using ‘intact’ diaphragm preparations from rats and Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer, pH 7.4, at 37°C. AIB uptake into the intact isolated diaphragm was linear during the first 90 min of incubation. Epinephrine (EPI), 183 µM, caused a 20- to 30-percent decrease in the rate of AIB uptake during this time. EPI concentrations of 1.83 to 91.3 µM had no significant affect on AIB transport during a 60-min incubation period. EPI, 183–787 µM diminished uptake 30%. EPI, 183 µM, had a similar effect on AIB transport into diaphragms from adrenalectomized rats. Varying glucose concentrations from 2.2 to 17.8 mM did not significantly alter the inhibitory response elicited by epinephrine. However, the response to epinephrine was abolished by either 0.0 or 36.5 mM glucose. Isoproterenol, 161–403 µM did not significantly alter AIB transport in this system. On the other hand norepinephrine, 119 to 239 µM. caused a 20-percent increase of AIB uptake by the isolated diaphragm. Additionally, glucagon (11.5 µM) caused a 150-percent increase in AIB uptake into diaphragm muscle in vitro. Injecting 1 mg of EPI/kg 60 min before the preparation of the diaphragm caused a 25-percent increase in AIB uptake. AIB concentrations in the buffer medium were not significantly altered by hormone treatments in any of these studies. These results suggest that the increase in AIB uptake caused by injecting EPI may be an indirect action of the catecholamine and that the direct effect of EPI on AIB transport into diaphragm is inhibitory. The results further suggest that the indirect EPI effect in vivo might be caused by glucagon.

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The effect of ethanol on the uptake of α-aminoisobutyric acid by the isolated perfused rat liver

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Zinc Glucagon Depression of Blood Amino Acids in Rabbits

Zinc Glucagon Depression of Blood Amino Acids in Rabbits

Action of Epinephrine on the Distribution of Two Model Amino Acids in the Diabetic Rat

Action of Epinephrine on Amino Acid Uptake into Rat Diaphragm <i>in vitro </i>and <i>in viv</i><i>o</i>

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