The Effect of Ethanol and Diazepam on the Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma and Liver Phospholipids in the Rat.

Ristic, V.; Vrbaski, S. R.; Lalic, Z.; Miric, Milan

doi:10.1248/bpb.18.842

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The significant increase observed at 2.26–2.27 ppm (Table 2) could be partly due to the presence of free fatty acids that support the accumulation of triglycerides. Monounsaturation in lipids shows a slight increase consistent with previous findings (Ristic et al, 1995). The peak at 2.07 ppm is a characteristic peak for allylic protons (Knothe, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

¹H and ³¹P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

Fernando

Kondraganti

Bhopale

et al. 2010

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Hepatic steatosis (fatty liver), an early and reversible stage of alcoholic liver disease, is characterized by triglyceride deposition in hepatocytes, that can advance to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately to hepatocellular carcinoma. In the present work, we studied altered plasma and hepatic lipid metabolome (lipidome) to understand the mechanisms and lipid pattern of early stage alcohol induced-fatty liver. Methods Male Fischer 344 rats were fed 5% alcohol in a Lieber-DeCarli diet. Control rats were pair-fed an equivalent amount of maltose-dextrin. After one month, animals were sacrificed and plasma collected. Livers were excised for morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical studies. The lipids from plasma and livers were extracted with methyl-tert-butyl ether and analyzed by 750/800 MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and phosphorus (31P) NMR spectroscopy on a 600 MHz spectrometer. The NMR data were then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. Results Hemotoxylin & Eosin and Oil Red O stained liver sections showed significant fatty infiltration. Immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections from ethanol-fed rats showed no inflammation (absence of CD3 positive cells) or oxidative stress (absence of malondialdehyde reactivity or 4-hydroxynonenal positive straining). Cluster analysis and principal component analysis of 1H NMR data of lipid extracts of both plasma and livers showed a significant difference in the lipid metabolome of ethanol-fed vs. control rats. 31P NMR data of liver lipid extracts showed significant changes in phospholipids similar to 1H NMR data. 1H NMR data of plasma and liver reflected several changes while comparison of 1H NMR and 31P NMR data offered a correlation among the phospholipids. Conclusions Our results show that alcohol consumption alters metabolism of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids that could contribute to the development of fatty liver. These studies also indicate that fatty liver precedes oxidative stress and inflammation. The similarities observed in plasma and liver lipid profiles offer a potential methodology for detecting early stage alcohol-induced fatty liver disease by analyzing the plasma lipid profile.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

¹H and ³¹P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

Fernando

Kondraganti

Bhopale

et al. 2010

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…Normally, in the whole serum the predominant FA of the C18 group is linoleic acid (unpublished data). An elevated level mono-unsaturated FAs (MUFA) in plasma was observed in rats after chronic ethanol feeding [27]. Furthermore, the percentage of MUFA was higher in white and brown adipose tissues of alcohol-treated rats, compared to control animals without alcohol exposure [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in the distribution of saturated and unsaturated FAs in the plasma phospholipid FA composition could indicate a disturbance of FA metabolism [27]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated oleic acid serum concentrations in patients suffering from alcohol dependence

et al. 2013

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BackgroundAlcohol-induced damages such as brain atrophy and fatty liver are closely related to a disturbed lipid metabolism. In animal models, a linkage between chronic alcohol consumption and changes in fatty acid (FA) composition in various organs and cells is well known and there is some indication that this phenomenon could be linked to behavioural alterations associated with alcohol addiction such as craving. However, the influence of ethanol on secretory FA has not been investigated so far. In this study, we therefore aimed at investigating whether there is a significant change of serum FA composition in patients suffering from alcohol dependence. We compared patients before and after treatment (detoxication) with control individuals who did not suffer from addiction. The roles of age, the duration and intensity of alcohol use and lifestyles were considered.MethodsSerum FA was measured in 73 male ethanol dependent patients before and after alcohol withdrawal in an in-patient setting. Additionally, of this group, 45 patients were matched with 45 healthy male volunteers as controls.ResultsWe found significant differences in the FA composition before and after detoxication as well as between patients and controls. After detoxication, the values changed towards the ones in healthy controls. The main finding during acute alcohol use was an increased oleic acid concentration above the level of the linoleic acid concentration.ConclusionsAn elevated oleic/linoleic acid ratio seems to be a state marker for acute alcohol use and may be a relevant trait marker during detoxification and possibly the subsequent therapeutic measures. The results of this pilot study need to be replicated in a larger study also including female patients. Further, the specificity of this potential biomarker needs to be determined.

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“…[23] Fatty acid methyl esters derivatives formed from isolated plasma phospholipid fraction were separated by gas chromatography using a Varian GC (model 3400, Varian Associates) as described. [24] Individual fatty acid methyl esters in the sample were identified from the retention times of authentic standards (Sigma Chemical Co) and/ or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA-2) mixture (Supelco Inc., Bellefonte). Peak areas were determined with a Varian 4290 integrator, and the results were expressed as the relative percentage of total identified fatty acids.…”

Section: Biochemical Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and Erythrocyte Phospholipid Fatty Acids Composition in Serbian Hemodialyzed Patients

et al. 2006

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Dyslipidemia is one of the possible risk factors for advanced atherosclerosis in patients with chronic renal failure. Abnormal phospholipid metabolism may play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with renal failure. The aim of this study was to determine specific characteristics of plasma and erythrocyte phospholipid content and fatty acid composition in 37 patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis (HD). The results were compared with the characteristics of healthy subjects. Briefly, plasma triglyceride (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), and total phospholipids (p < 0.01) levels were significantly higher and HDL-cholesterol level significantly lower (p < 0.01) in HD patients. Plasma phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine concentration were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in HD patients. The plasma phospholipid fatty acids composition indicated significantly (p < 0.01) higher level of oleic (18:1 n-9) and lower levels of eicopentaenoic (20:5 n-3 EPA) and docosahexaenoic (22:6 n-3 DHA) acids (p < 0.05). However, in HD patients, the relative concentration of plasma phospholipid n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) was significantly lower (p < 0.05). The fatty acid composition of erythrocyte phospholipid in HD patients was modified with EPA and DHA levels significantly lowered (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate an abnormal phospholipid metabolism and deficiency of n-3 PUFA in plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids in hemodialyzed patients.

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The Effect of Ethanol and Diazepam on the Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma and Liver Phospholipids in the Rat.

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

¹H and ³¹P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

¹H and ³¹P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

Elevated oleic acid serum concentrations in patients suffering from alcohol dependence

Plasma and Erythrocyte Phospholipid Fatty Acids Composition in Serbian Hemodialyzed Patients

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The Effect of Ethanol and Diazepam on the Fatty Acid Composition of Plasma and Liver Phospholipids in the Rat.

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

1H and 31P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

1H and 31P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

Elevated oleic acid serum concentrations in patients suffering from alcohol dependence

Plasma and Erythrocyte Phospholipid Fatty Acids Composition in Serbian Hemodialyzed Patients

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¹H and ³¹P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver

¹H and ³¹P NMR Lipidome of Ethanol‐Induced Fatty Liver