The effect of essential plant oils on mineral composition of egg mass and blood parameters of laying hens

Abstract

The aim of study was to analyze the dietary effect of pumpkin and flaxseed oils on mineral composition of egg mass and blood parameters of laying hens. At 38 weeks of age, Lohmann Brown Lite hens were housed in three-floor cages, divided into three dietary groups (C-control, E1-pumpkin oil (3%), E2-flaxseed oil (3%)). There were housed six hens in one cage. A total 18 hens were monitored. In the control group hens were fed with standard complete feed mixture for laying hens and in the experimental groups by feed mixtures with supplementation of pumpkin or flaxseed oils. Vitamin E was added into feed mixture in the experimental groups. The experiment lasted 52 days. Twelve eggs from each dietary treatment were randomly selected and analyzed. As regards the mineral composition of eggs, only concentrations of calcium after both oil supplementations and zinc after flaxseed oil supplementation in diet were significantly (P<0.05) higher in yolk. Contents of magnesium in yolk and albumen and phosphorus in albumen were markedly (P<0.05) lower in E1 and E2 compared to the control. Also lower (P<0.05) concentrations of potassium after flaxseed oil supplementation in yolk and zinc after both oil supplementation in albumen compared to the control were found. The amounts of other minerals were relatively balanced among groups. Significant (P<0.05) differences among groups in blood parameters of laying hens were observed in mineral and energy profile. Higher (P<0.05) concentrations of calcium, triglycerides and cholesterol in both experimental groups in comparison with control group were found in blood serum of laying hens. The supplementation of oils in diets of laying hens had not notable (P>0.05) influence on enzymatic and protein profile. AbstraktCieľom práce bolo analyzovať vplyv tekvicového a ľanového oleja na úžitkovosť nosníc a nutričné zloženie konzumných vajec. Do pokusu boli zaradené nosnice hybridu Lohmann Brown Lite vo veku 38 týždňov, ktoré boli rozdelené do troch diétnych skupín (C-kontrola, E1-tekvicový olej (3%), E2-ľanový olej (3%)). Nosnice boli ustajnené v trojetážovej klietkovej technológii (6 zvierat v jednej klietke). Spolu bolo monitorovaných 18 nosníc. V kontrolnej skupine nosnice prijímali štandardnú kompletnú kŕmnu zmes a v experimentálnych skupinách bola táto kŕmna zmes obohatená o prídavok tekvicového alebo ľanového oleja. Do pokusných diét bol pridávaný aj vitamín E. Experiment trval 52 dní. Z každej skupiny bolo náhodne vybraných a analyzovaných 12 vajec. Čo sa týka minerálneho zloženia vajec, preukazne (P<0.05) vyšší obsah vápnika bol zaznamenaný po oboch olejových prídavkoch a preukazne vyšší obsah zinku v skupine s ľanovým olejom v porovnaní s kontrolnou skupinou vo vaječnom žĺtku. Obsahy horčíka v žĺtku a bielku a fosforu v bielku boli preukazne (P<0.05) nižšie v E1 a E2 v porovnaní s kontrolou. Pokles (P<0.05) v koncentrácii draslíka po prídavku ľanového oleja v žĺtku a zinku po pridaní oboch olejov v bielku bol pozorovaný v porovnaní so skupinou bez olejového prídavku. Množstvo os...