The effect of equol injection in ovo on posthatch growth, meat quality and antioxidation in broilers

Wang

et al. 2020

Animals

The current study was performed to determine the influence of amniotic injection of N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on meat quality of pectoral muscle in broilers. A total of 792 alive broiler embryos at 17 d of incubation were assigned to three treatments randomly (non-injected control, saline-injected control, or NCG-injected treatment). The two injection treatments were an injection with 0.1 mL 0.85% aseptic saline alone or containing 2 mg NCG per egg at 17.5 d of incubation. After hatching, 72 healthy male chicks were selected from each treatment and housed in six pens for a 42 day feeding study. Pectoral muscles from six 42-day-old broilers were collected from each treatment group and were dissected for meat quality assays. The results showed that arginine contents in pectoral muscle in either free or hydrolytic form in the NCG group were higher than those in the non-injection control group (p < 0.05). In comparison to the non-injection or saline-injection control groups, NCG injection resulted in a lower lactic acid content in pectoral muscle (p < 0.05). Muscular antioxidant capacity in the NCG group was higher, as evidenced by the higher activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and lower content of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). In addition, the group of in ovo administration of NCG had decreased drip loss and increased crude fat content in pectoral muscle in comparison to those of either control group (p < 0.05) and had enhanced crude protein content compared to that of the saline-injection control group (p < 0.05). Briefly, these results indicate that amniotic administration of NCG in the late incubation phase increased the arginine content, improved the nutritional properties, enhanced the antioxidant capacity, and improved the meat quality in the pectoral muscle of broilers. Amniotic injection of NCG may serve as a novel approach to improving the meat quality of broilers.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Amniotic Injection of N-Carbamylglutamate on Meat Quality of Broilers

Wang

et al. 2020

Animals

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal

“…Representative photomicrographs of comet assay in broiler muscle cells (×100 and equol on human health and diseases, in association with their antioxidant capacities. Our previous studies showed that in ovo injection of equol, as well as dietary supplementation with daidzein significantly improved the muscle water-holding capacity of broilers through improved antioxidant status (Wei et al 2010). The waterholding capacity of the muscle is related to the integrity of the muscle cell membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous studies showed that in ovo injection of equol significantly improved muscle water-holding capacity, which is related to improved antioxidant status in broilers (Wei et al 2010). A study in normotensive rats also demonstrated substantial vasodilating and antioxidant activities of equol in cerebral arteries, with similar activity to daidzein (Jackman et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antioxidant effect of a phytoestrogen equol on cultured muscle cells of embryonic broilers

Wei

et al. 2011

Previous studies have shown that the in ovo injection of equol can markedly improve the water-holding capacity of muscles of broilers chickens at 7 wk of age through promotion of the antioxidant status. We aimed to investigate directly the antioxidant effects of equol on muscle cells in broilers. Muscle cells were separated from leg muscle of embryos on the 11th day of incubation and treated with equol and H(2)O(2), either alone or together. Cells were pretreated with medium containing 1, 10, or 100 μM equol for 1 h prior to the addition of 1 mM H(2)O(2) for a further 1 h. Photomicrographs of cells were obtained. Cell viability, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the cell supernatant, as well as intracellular total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined. Treatment with 1 mM H(2)O(2) caused serious damage to cells, indicated by comets with no clear head region but a very apparent tail of DNA fragments. Pretreatment with low (1 μM) but not high concentrations of equol (10 μM) inhibited cell damage, while 100 μM equol caused more serious damage than H(2)O(2) alone. Pretreatment with 1 μM equol had no effect on cell viability, while pretreatment with 10 and 100 μM equol significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with H(2)O(2) alone, pretreatment with low-dosage equol markedly decreased LDH activity and MDA production in the supernatant, significantly increased intracellular T-SOD activity (P < 0.05) and tended to increase intracellular GSH-Px activity (0.05 < P < 0.1). Pretreatment with high-dosage equol (10 and 100 μM) significantly enhanced LDH activity, but had no effect on MDA content, T-SOD or GSH-Px activity induced by H(2)O(2,) except for an obvious increase in GSH-Px activity caused by 10 μM equol. These results indicate that equol at low dosage can prevent skeletal muscle cell damage induced by H(2)O(2), while pretreatment with high-dosage equol shows a synergistic effect with H(2)O(2) in inducing cell damage.

“…In our experiment, dietary supplements with 1% lactulose significantly increased the T-SOD and CuZn-SOD activity in the liver of barrows treated with daidzein (Table 5). The antioxidant ability of pure equol in humans, cells, and rats is widely established [40], [41]. However, to our knowledge, no information is available on the effects of a hydrogen-producing prebiotic that increases equol production and improves antioxidants status in vivo .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactulose Increases Equol Production and Improves Liver Antioxidant Status in Barrows Treated with Daidzein

2014

Equol, one of the intestinal microflora metabolites of daidzein, has gained much attention for having greater bioactivity than its precursor (daidzein and daidzin) and seeming to be promoted by hydrogen gas. The effects of lactulose on the equol-producing capacity and liver antioxidant status of barrows treated with daidzein were investigated in this study. Male castrated piglets (barrows) of Landrace×Duroc, aged 40 days, were randomly divided into the following three groups: control group (C, n = 12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet), daidzein group (D, n = 12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet with 50 mg/kg of daidzein supplementation) and daidzein+lactulose group (D+L, n = 12, fed an isoflavones-free basic diet with 1% of lactulose and 50 mg/kg of daidzein supplementation). After 20 days, the profile of short-chain fatty acids in the colon digesta showed that lactulose significantly increased the fermented capacity in the gastrointestinal tract of the barrows. First-void urinary equol concentrations were significantly higher in the D+L group than in the D group (3.13±0.93 compared to 2.11±0.82 μg/ml, respectively). Furthermore, fecal equol levels were also significantly higher in the D+L group than in the D group (12.00±2.68 compared to 10.00±2.26 μg/g, respectively). The population of bacteroidetes and the percentage of bacteroidetes to bacteria in feces were higher in the D+L group than in the D group. The DGGE profiles results indicate that lactulose might shift the pathways of hydrogen utilization, and changing the profiles of SRB in feces. Moreover, the D+L group had weak enhancement of T-SOD and CuZn-SOD activities in the livers of barrows treated with daidzein.