The effect of epistasis on sexually antagonistic genetic variation

Arnqvist, Göran; Vellnow, Nikolas; Rowe, Locke

doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0489

Cited by 31 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…IaSC occurs when selection favors alternative alleles in males and females at a given locus (Rice 1992;Chippindale et al 2001) and can act to maintain standing genetic variation with sexually antagonistic (SA) effects on fitness (Kidwell 1977;Connallon and Clark 2012;Arnqvist et al 2014). As a consequence, the degree of SA genetic variation in well-adapted populations may be large relative to genetic variation for overall viability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intralocus Sexual Conflict and the Tragedy of the Commons in Seed Beetles

Berger

Martinossi‐Allibert

Grieshop

et al. 2016

The American Naturalist

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128

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Online enhancements: appendixes, supplemental PDF. Dryad data: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.bc94c.abstract: The evolution of male traits that inflict direct harm on females during mating interactions can result in a so-called tragedy of the commons, where selfish male strategies depress population viability. This tragedy of the commons can be magnified by intralocus sexual conflict (IaSC) whenever alleles that reduce fecundity when expressed in females spread in the population because of their benefits in males. We evaluated this prediction by detailed phenotyping of 73 isofemale lines of the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. We quantified genetic variation in life history and morphology, as well as associated covariance in male and female adult reproductive success. In parallel, we created replicated artificial populations of each line and measured their productivity. Genetic constraints limited independent trait expression in the sexes, and we identified several instances of sexually antagonistic covariance between traits and fitness, signifying IaSC. Population productivity was strongly positively correlated to female adult reproductive success but uncorrelated with male reproductive success. Moreover, male (female) phenotypic optima for several traits under sexually antagonistic selection were exhibited by the genotypes with the lowest (highest) population productivity. Our study forms a direct link between individuallevel sex-specific selection and population demography and places lifehistory traits at the epicenter of these dynamics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intralocus Sexual Conflict and the Tragedy of the Commons in Seed Beetles

Berger

Martinossi‐Allibert

Grieshop

et al. 2016

The American Naturalist

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128

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“…; Miller and Svensson ), and epistasis (Arnqvist et al. ) among other possible mechanisms. Context‐specific fitness can include spatially (Johnson et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The expectation that directional selection should remove variation from populations has long been at odds with the observation that there is abundant variation for fitness-related traits (Barton 1990;Houle 1998;Johnson and Barton 2005). There are many hypothesized mechanisms for the maintenance of variation: balancing selection (Connallon and Clark 2014), sexually antagonistic selection (Foerster et al 2007), context-specific fitness (Mojica et al 2012;Miller and Svensson 2014), and epistasis (Arnqvist et al 2014) among other possible mechanisms. Context-specific fitness can include spatially (Johnson et al 2013) or temporally varying selection (Bergland et al 2014) and social or sexual selection (Lyon and Montgomerie 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Social effects for locomotion vary between environments inDrosophila melanogasterfemales

et al. 2017

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Despite strong purifying or directional selection, variation is ubiquitous in populations. One mechanism for the maintenance of variation is indirect genetic effects (IGEs), as the fitness of a given genotype will depend somewhat on the genes of its social partners. IGEs describe the effect of genes in social partners on the expression of the phenotype of a focal individual. Here, we ask what effect IGEs, and variation in IGEs between abiotic environments, has on locomotion in Drosophila. This trait is known to be subject to intralocus sexually antagonistic selection. We estimate the coefficient of interaction, Ψ, using six inbred lines of Drosophila. We found that Ψ varied between abiotic environments, and that it may vary across among male genotypes in an abiotic environment specific manner. We also found evidence that social effects of males alter the value of a sexually dimorphic trait in females, highlighting an interesting avenue for future research into sexual antagonism. We conclude that IGEs are an important component of social and sexual interactions and that they vary between individuals and abiotic environments in complex ways, with the potential to promote the maintenance of phenotypic variation.

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“…They found that the simultaneous action of these selection pressures at two linked loci expanded the opportunity for polymorphism relative to what is predicted from single‐locus models. Further, as has been shown in other autosomal two‐locus models (Úbeda et al ., ; Patten et al ., ; Arnqvist et al ., ; Haig et al ., ), linkage disequilibrium (LD) accompanied any polymorphic equilibrium. Finally, Patten () showed that the occurrence of drive with sexual antagonism on an autosome favoured reduced recombination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several forms of natural selectionfor example, antagonistic selection, fluctuating selection and heterozygote advantagehave been recognized for their purported roles in maintaining population genetic variation, and particular attention has been given to assessing which of these forms is most likely to account for variation found in nature (Prout, 2000). Additionally, several genetic properties, including dominance (Owen, 1953;Kidwell et al, 1977;Fry, 2010), interaction with other genes (Patten et al, 2010;Arnqvist et al, 2014;Haig et al, 2014) and transmission routes (Haldane, 1924(Haldane, , 1926Rice, 1984Rice, , 1998Hedrick & Parker, 1997;Patten & Haig, 2009a,b;Jordan & Charlesworth, 2012;Santure & Spencer, 2012), have been examined for their influence on population genetic variation. Over time, a picture has emerged of how natural selection and the genetic system combine to shape patterns of polymorphism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual antagonism and meiotic drive cause stable linkage disequilibrium and favour reduced recombination on the X chromosome

Rydzewski

Carioscia

Liévano

et al. 2016

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Sexual antagonism and meiotic drive are sex-specific evolutionary forces with the potential to shape genomic architecture. Previous theory has found that pairing two sexually antagonistic loci or combining sexual antagonism with meiotic drive at linked autosomal loci augments genetic variation, produces stable linkage disequilibrium (LD) and favours reduced recombination. However, the influence of these two forces has not been examined on the X chromosome, which is thought to be enriched for sexual antagonism and meiotic drive. We investigate the evolution of the X chromosome under both sexual antagonism and meiotic drive with two models: in one, both loci experience sexual antagonism; in the other, we pair a meiotic drive locus with a sexually antagonistic locus. We find that LD arises between the two loci in both models, even when the two loci freely recombine in females and that driving haplotypes will be enriched for male-beneficial alleles, further skewing sex ratios in these populations. We introduce a new measure of LD, Dz', which accounts for population allele frequencies and is appropriate for instances where these are sex specific. Both models demonstrate that natural selection favours modifiers that reduce the recombination rate. These results inform observed patterns of congealment found on driving X chromosomes and have implications for patterns of natural variation and the evolution of recombination rates on the X chromosome.

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The effect of epistasis on sexually antagonistic genetic variation

Cited by 31 publications

References 63 publications

Intralocus Sexual Conflict and the Tragedy of the Commons in Seed Beetles

Intralocus Sexual Conflict and the Tragedy of the Commons in Seed Beetles

Social effects for locomotion vary between environments inDrosophila melanogasterfemales

Sexual antagonism and meiotic drive cause stable linkage disequilibrium and favour reduced recombination on the X chromosome

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