The Effect of Environmental Factor, Population and Age of Duck on Egg Production

Abstract

Duck is one of the commodities that contribute to the national livestock production and Central Java is home to the fourth biggest duck population after West Java, South Sulawesi and East Java. The 2019 egg production in Central Java was 36.174 tons or 11.3% of the total egg production nationwide. Accordingly, it is important to investigate the effect of environmental factor, total number and age of ducks on egg production in Central Java. Specifically, this study aimed to observe the effect of region on egg production and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the total livestock (chicken), age (month), stocking density (ducks/m2), internal housing temperature (oC), and humidity (%) on Hen day production/HDP. A survey engaging purposive random sampling was conducted on the population of duck farming in Central Java especially Tegal, Pemalang and Brebes districts. The data were subjected to General Linear Model (GLM) and a regression-correlation analysis using an SPSS program. The result showed that region significantly affected hen day production (HDP) but did not affect FCR. Housing temperature affected HDP by 14.9% and the higher the temperature, the lower the HDP. Duck age affected HDP by 11.7%, and the older the ducks the lower the egg production. Duck population, stocking density and humidity did not significantly affect egg production. Conclusively, duck egg production (HDP) is significantly affected by temperature inside the housing and the duck age.

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“…Thus, the study by I. Ismoyowati et al (2020) examined the expression of growth hormone, the genes responsible for follicle-stimulating hormone receptors, the genes of prolactin, ovoinhibitor, melatonin receptor, and insulin-like growth factor-2 in the ovary, and found polymorphisms associated with egg-laying traits in the Jinding and Youxian duck breeds. This study confirms the genetic determinism in the manifestation of this trait.…”

Evaluation of the Physical Quality of Supplement Wafer and Application of Supplement on Layer Performance

“…The low feed consumption in this study is thought to be due to the high temperature of the cage which causes the chickens to experience heat stress and causes increased consumption of drinking water. According to Ismoyowati et al (2020), feed consumption decreased at high house temperatures because livestock drank more water to reduce heat stress. When conditions of heat stress, chickens tend to reduce ration consumption (Xie et al, 2017).…”

“…Indonesia is a tropical country with high temperatures and humidity, especially during the dry season. The ambient temperature in Central Java ranges from 27-37 o C (Ismoyowati et al, 2020). According to the research results of Suswoyo et al (2021) the average temperature and humidity during the day are 31.91 o C and 79.43%, while in the afternoon, it is 31.35 o C and 82.21%.…”