The effect of elevated CO 2 and N availability on tissue concentrations and whole plant pools of carbon-based secondary compounds in loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda )

Gebauer, Renate L. E.; Strain, Boyd R.; Reynolds, James F.

doi:10.1007/s004420050350

Cited by 94 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…In accordance with the previous results (Gebauer et al 1998;Osier and Lindroth 2001;Katjiua and Ward 2006) the levels of TP and ECT in C. equisetifolia were reduced upon nutrient addition. This pattern lends to support source-sink hypothesis, such as the CNB and the GDB hypotheses that predict increased C allocation to secondary Table 3 Partial correlation coefficient of branchlets characterization of C. equisetifolia seedlings with time, nitrogen, phosphorus, and moisture The values in the parentheses are P values C compounds under low nutrient conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Effects of fertilization and drought stress on tannin biosynthesis of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings branchlets

Zhang

Shao

Ye³

et al. 2012

Acta Physiol Plant

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Nutrient, water, and their interactions influence the allocation of investment by plants to resistance and tolerance traits. We used a completely crossed randomizedblock design experiment to examine the independent and interactive effects of nutrients and water availability on tannin production of C. equisetifolia seedlings. The results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer have significant effects on total phenolics (TP) and extractable condensed tannins (ECT) concentrations of branchlets. TP and ECT concentrations decreased with fertilizer addition and increased in arid condition. This pattern lends to support source-sink hypothesis such as the carbon-nutrient balance (CNB) hypothesis and the growth-differentiation balance (GDB) hypothesis. Soluble sugars or starch concentrations were both inversely related to TP concentrations. However, there was no significant correlation between them and ECT concentrations. In addition, chlorophyll concentration had a positive linear correlation with TP and no significant correlation with ECT. On the contrary, chlorophyll a/b ratios were negatively correlated with TP and positively correlated with ECT. The discrepancy of relationship between carbohydrates and TP or ECT showed that the biosynthetic routes of different tannins were different. In this study, no significant correlation between TP and N, or ECT and N, did not support protein competition model (PCM). TP:N and ECT:N ratios were higher in nutrient deficiency and arid conditions, which were one of the important nutrient conservation strategies for C. equisetifolia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Gebauer et al (1998) suggested that strong positive correlations exist between soluble sugar and TP concentrations and between starch and condensed tannins concentrations, respectively. In this study, TP concentrations were positively related to soluble sugars and starch concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fertilization and drought stress on tannin biosynthesis of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings branchlets

Zhang

Shao

Ye³

et al. 2012

Acta Physiol Plant

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“…did document a significant decline in TNC at high soil N. Gebauer et al (1998) demonstrated that the concentration of total phenolics and condensed tannins was relatively high in the lateral roots of Pinus taeda and that total phenolics increased in lateral roots at elevated CO 2 , consistent with the carbon-nutrient balance hypothesis (Bryant et al 1983). In our study, root C/N ratios were relatively stable across all treatments.…”

Section: Fine-root Carbon and Nitrogen Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Interactive Effects of Atmospheric CO 2 and Soil-N Availability on Fine Roots of Populus tremuloides

Pregitzer¹,

Zak²,

Maziasz³

et al. 2000

Ecological Applications

145

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Abstract. The objective of this experiment was to understand how atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and soil-nitrogen (N) availability influence Populus tremuloides fine-root growth and morphology. Soil-N availability may limit the growth response of forests to elevated CO 2 and interact with atmospheric CO 2 to alter litter quality and ecosystem carbon (C) and N cycling. We established a CO 2 ϫ N factorial field experiment and grew six genotypes of P. tremuloides for 2.5 growing seasons in 20 large open-top chamber/rootbox experimental units at the University of Michigan Biological Station in northern lower Michigan (USA). In this paper we describe an integrated examination of how atmospheric CO 2 and soil-N availability influence fine-root morphology, growth, mortality, and biomass. We also studied the relationship between root biomass and total soil respiration.Over 80% of the absorbing root length of P. tremuloides was accounted for by roots Ͻ0.4 mm in diameter, and specific root length (100-250 m/g) was much greater than reports for other temperate and boreal deciduous trees. Elevated atmospheric CO 2 increased the diameter and length of individual roots. In contrast, soil N had no effect on root morphology. Fine-root length production and mortality, measured with minirhizotrons, was controlled by the interaction between atmospheric CO 2 and soil N. Rates of root production and mortality were significantly greater at elevated CO 2 when trees grew in high-N soil, but there were no CO 2 effects at low soil N. Fine-root biomass increased 137-194% in high-N compared to low-N soil, and elevated atmospheric CO 2 increased fine-root biomass (52%) in high soil N, but differences in low soil N were not significant. Across all treatments, dynamic estimates of net fine-root production were highly correlated with fine-root biomass (soil cores; r ϭ 0.975). Mean rates of soil respiration were more than double in high-N compared to low-N soil, and elevated atmospheric CO 2 , when compared to ambient atmospheric CO 2 , increased mean rates of soil respiration 19% in 1995 and 25% in 1996. Across all treatments, total root biomass was linearly related to mean rates of soil respiration (r 2 ϭ 0.96).Our results indicate that atmospheric CO 2 and soil-N availability strongly interact to influence P. tremuloides fine-root morphology, growth, and C turnover. Aspen-dominated ecosystems of the future are likely to have greater productivity fueled by greater nutrient uptake due to greater root length production. Further, it appears that elevated atmospheric CO 2 will result in greater C inputs to soil through greater rates of fine-root production and turnover, especially in high-fertility soils. Increased C inputs to soil result in greater rates of soil respiration. At this time, it is not clear what effects increased rates of root turnover will have on C storage in the soil.

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“…The total phenolic concentration of 20 µl aliquots was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent (Cork and Krokenberger 1991), with gallic acid as the standard. Further aliquots (100 µl) of the 50% acetone extract were analysed for condensed tannin concentration using (+)-catechin as the standard (Julkunen-Titto 1985;Gebauer et al 1998).…”

Section: Total Phenolicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light alters the allocation of nitrogen to cyanogenic glycosides in Eucalyptus cladocalyx

2002

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Abstract. The effect of light on the partitioning of resources between photosynthesis and chemical defence was studied in Eucalyptus cladocalyx F. Muell. This species allocates up to 15% of leaf nitrogen to the constitutive cyanogenic glycoside, prunasin, making it an ideal system for studying resource allocation. By controlling the level of leaf nitrogen we were able to test the hypothesis that light limitation would result in the effective reallocation of nitrogen from the defensive to the photosynthetic apparatus. Seedlings were grown in full light or shade and supplied with 1.5 mM or 6 mM nitrogen in a 2 2 factorial design. We found that shading effected a decrease in the concentration of the cyanogenic glycoside, prunasin, and little if any change in the concentration of carbon-based secondary metabolites (total phenolics and condensed tannins). There was also significantly less prunasin, relative to total leaf nitrogen, chlorophyll concentration and carbon assimilation rates, when grown plants were grown in shade, particularly when there was an ample supply of nitrogen. This pattern is likely to be the result of relative changes in the energetic and resource costs of photosynthesis and defensive compounds at different photon flux densities.

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The effect of elevated CO 2 and N availability on tissue concentrations and whole plant pools of carbon-based secondary compounds in loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda )

Cited by 94 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of fertilization and drought stress on tannin biosynthesis of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings branchlets

Effects of fertilization and drought stress on tannin biosynthesis of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings branchlets

Interactive Effects of Atmospheric CO 2 and Soil-N Availability on Fine Roots of Populus tremuloides

Light alters the allocation of nitrogen to cyanogenic glycosides in Eucalyptus cladocalyx

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