The effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi forming symbiosis with Pinus pinaster seedlings exposed to cadmium

Paxillus involutus-Facilitated Cd2+ Influx through Plasma Membrane Ca2+-Permeable Channels Is Stimulated by H2O2 and H+-ATPase in Ectomycorrhizal Populus × canescens under Cadmium Stress

“…An important result was that EM roots exhibited higher Cd 2+ influx than NM roots irrespective of Cd 2+ stress conditions, shock, ST, and LT ( Figures 1A and 2 ). Substantial evidence indicates that Cd 2+ can be enriched in ectomycorrhizal plants (Sell et al, 2005; Baum et al, 2006; Krpata et al, 2008, 2009; Sousa et al, 2012; Ma Y. et al, 2014). The enhanced Cd 2+ uptake in EM roots is partly due to the capacity of the fungus to take up Cd 2+ because CdCl 2 shock resulted in a net Cd 2+ influx in the mycelia of the two P. involutus strains and the flux rate increased with the prolonged duration of CdCl 2 treatment from 24 h to 7 days ( Figures 1A and 2 ).…”

Heavy Metal Contamination of Soils

“…Indeed, when soil nutrients and MTE are solubilized, fungi can store MTE and then limit the absorption by roots and the translocation to shoots (Krznaric et al 2010). The works of Sousa et al (2012) described in the previous paragraph indicated a benefic effect of the fungus R. roseolus to reduce Cd in pine (P. pinaster) roots and increase the storage of this MTE in shoots. However, they published another work (Sousa et al 2014) showing that this positive effect depended on pine genotype.…”

“…However, Pb and Zn accumulation in shoots was 30 and 45 % higher, respectively, which is promising for the depollution of soil contaminated by these MTE. Another fungus was tested on Pinus pinaster: Sousa et al (2012) compared Cd accumulation in pines exposed for 6 months to 30 mg kg À1 Cd (plants were 11 months old at the end of the experiment) with or without inoculation with fungi (Rhizopogon roseolus and Suillus bovinus). They observed that R. roseolus was the most interesting since it was able to reduce Cd in roots by 60 % and increase Cd in shoots by 35 % without modifying pine growth.…”

Comparative Studies Involving Transgenic and Non-Transgenic Soybean: What is Going On?

“…Similarly, studies about the interactions between plant roots and beneficial metal-tolerant microorganisms are gaining importance and may be an important approach to be considered in studies about plant adaptation and alleviation to a variety of environmental stresses [51]. For example, soybean plants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi showed reduced MDA content and increased APX activity to the oxidative stress generated by paraquat (PQ) [52].…”