The effect of ECF and TCF bleaching on the surface chemical composition of kraft pulp as determined by ESCA

Laine, Janne; Stenius, Per; Carlsson, Gilhert; Ström, Gōran

doi:10.3183/npprj-1996-11-03-p201-210

Cited by 65 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…Surface lignin also plays a significant role with respect to brightness development during bleaching. A tentative conclusion was proposed by and Laine et al (1996) that the surface lignin is more colored than the residual lignin in the other regions of the fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Eucalyptus pulp surfaces," BioResources 10(1), 1599-1616. 1601 amounts of lignin-carbohydrate complexes (Laine et al 1996). Surface lignin also plays a significant role with respect to brightness development during bleaching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface extractives are believed to affect both pulp and paper strength in refining and wetting properties, important parameters which influence product performance (Shen et al 1998;Fardim and Durán 2001;Widsten et al 2001;Kokkonen et al 2002). According to Laine et al (1996), surface layers of the fibers, whether originating from wood fibers (remnants of middle lamella) or formed during cooking (reprecipitated), retards the bleachability of kraft pulps. There are some indications that the poor dissolution of surface lignin in the early stages of bleaching is due to a low amount of free phenolic lignin units or too high an amount of condensed structures, or that the outer cell wall layers contain substantial bioresources.com .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber Surface and Paper Technical Properties of Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens Pulps after Modified Cooking and Bleaching

Antes¹,

Joutsimo²

2015

BioResources

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The SuperBatch™(SB), CompactCooking™(CC), and Lo-Solids™ (LS) modified cooking methods were evaluated relative to the cell wall surface and paper technical properties of bleached Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens. E. globulus pulps presented higher screened yield and brightness than E. nitens, which needed higher H-factor to reach a kappa number target. Independently of the cooking method or species, all the samples consumed similar amounts of ClO2 to reach a brightness of 90% ISO. E. nitens pulps showed lower carbohydrates and higher extractives content on the fiber surface, regardless of the cooking method. E. nitens presented slightly higher surface charge of the bleached pulps. Surface charges of CC and LS pulps were higher independently of cooked Eucalyptus species. Water retention value (WRV) for E. nitens pulps were higher than for E. globulus. No differences were observed in refinability of different cooking methods, however E. nitens pulps showed higher tensile and lower bulk compared to E. globulus. E nitens presented a thinner fiber cell wall than E. globulus. This seems to be more relevant for paper technical properties and WRV than fiber charge or surface composition. No correlation between surface composition, fiber surface properties, and paper technical properties among the cooking methods could be determined.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fiber Surface and Paper Technical Properties of Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens Pulps after Modified Cooking and Bleaching

Antes¹,

Joutsimo²

2015

BioResources

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“…The contents of uronic acids and oxidized lignin in the CTMP pulp contributed to the higher values of AGs in comparison with the birch KP [5]. The lower content of AGs in birch KP can be explained by degradation of hemicelluloses and lignin during kraft pulping and bleaching [21][22][23].…”

Section: Mb Sorption Ftir-atr and Xpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anionic groups on cellulosic fiber surfaces investigated by XPS, FTIR-ATR, and different sorption methods

Fardim

Moreno

Holmbom

2005

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Since that time the ESCA technique has been routinely used to describe the surface elemental composition of pulp and paper and lignin, especially after having been subjected to chemical modification of the surfaces (Carlsson and Stro¨m 1991;Belgacem et al 1995;Laine et al 1996;Bo¨ra˚s and Gatenholm 1999;Gellesterd and Gatenholm 1999;Toriz et al 2000;Henriksson and Gatenholm 2001;Koljonen et al 2003;Toriz et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Surface Functional Groups in Lignocellulosic Materials by Chemical Derivatization and ESCA Analysis

et al. 2006

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Simple and convenient methods for determining surface chemical composition of lignocellulosic materials are described. The methods are based on vapor phase fluorine surface derivatization with either trifluoro acetic anhydride (TFAA), tri-fluoro ethanol (TFE) or pentafluorophenyl hydrazine (PFPH) and subsequent Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA). Model cellulosic surfaces with well defined functionalities were used to optimize the derivatization reaction conditions. Detection and accessibility of surface hydroxyl functional groups were investigated in cotton and regenerated cellulose as models. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was used as a model surface for detection and quantification of carboxylic acid groups. Theoretical conversion curves for derivatization reactions were calculated and used to evaluate the extent of the reactions on the model surfaces. It was found that the conversion was higher for the regenerated cellulose and CMC than for cotton. The protocols developed using the model surfaces were applied to a case study on wood fibers with different degrees of complexity, namely dissolving and chemithermomechanical (CTMP) pulp. Untreated and oxygen-plasma modified pulps were compared with respect to the surface composition of functional groups. According to the derivatization reactions, functionalities containing oxygen were significantly increased on the plasma-treated samples. The effect of the treatment was found to be dependent on the type of pulp. Fluorine derivatization is shown to be an unambiguous method for clear assessment of the chemical functionalities of cellulosic surfaces.

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The effect of ECF and TCF bleaching on the surface chemical composition of kraft pulp as determined by ESCA

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

Fiber Surface and Paper Technical Properties of Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens Pulps after Modified Cooking and Bleaching

Fiber Surface and Paper Technical Properties of Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens Pulps after Modified Cooking and Bleaching

Anionic groups on cellulosic fiber surfaces investigated by XPS, FTIR-ATR, and different sorption methods

Determination of Surface Functional Groups in Lignocellulosic Materials by Chemical Derivatization and ESCA Analysis

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