The effect of differential training on isokinetic muscular endurance during acute thermally induced hypohydration

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of acute thermal hypohydration on the muscle endurance performance of three groups of differentially trained subjects. Group I consisted of six anaerobically trained athletes, Group II consisted of five aerobically trained athletes, and Group III consisted of six sedentary individuals. Experimental trials involved maximal leg extensions performed on a Cybex II dynamometer under conditions of euhydration and hypohydration of minus 3% body weight. Integrated electromyographic data were also collected during each trial to factor out motivation as a variable. The maximum number of leg extension repetitions performed at or above 50% of each subject's peak torque output were compared between treatments and among the three groups. A 2 x 3 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant decrease in muscle endurance when comparing euhydration to hypohydration among the anaerobically trained subjects as well as among the sedentary subjects (P less than 0.05). The aerobically trained subjects showed no significant decline in muscle endurance when comparing performance under both experimental conditions. It was hypothesized that the training adaptations that occur with aerobic conditioning and are primarily associated with increased plasma volume may be the key to explaining these results.

Effect of Hypohydration on Muscle Endurance, Strength, Anaerobic Power and Capacity and Vertical Jumping Ability: A Meta-Analysis

“…Of these, 28 [7, 8, 11-14, 17-20, 24, 25, 30-45] met all of the inclusion criteria, thereby producing a total of 85 individual studies and weighted mean treatment effects to investigate the impact of hypohydration on upper (6/85) and lower (10/85) body muscle endurance, upper (14/85) and lower (25/85) body muscle strength, muscle anaerobic power (9/85) and capacity (9/85), and vertical jumping ability (12/85). A total of 20 research manuscripts produced more than one weighted mean treatment effect, with Hayes and Morse [25] producing ten, Ftaiti et al [34] producing two, Wilson et al [45] two, Cheuvront et al [17] two, Bigard et al [8] two, Bijlani and Sharma [30] two, Bosco et al [31] two, Bosco et al [32] six, Caterisano et al [33] three, Greiwe et al [35] four, Gutierrez et al [36] six, Jacobs [37] six, Jones et al [13] two, Judelson et al [11] six, Kraft et al [38] two, Montain et al [39] two, Naharudin and Yusof [40] six, Periard et al [41] four, Viitasalo et al [44] four, and Webster et al [12] four effect estimates. The work of Naharudin and Yusof [40] and Caterisano et al [33] contained three different groups of participants, while that of Gutierrez et al [36] contained two different groups of participants.…”

“…Of these, 129 were considered trained [11, 12, 18, 24, 32-34, 36, 37, 40-42, 44] and 155 untrained [7,8,13,14,17,19,20,25,30,31,33,35,38,39,43,45]. Their physical characteristics are presented in Table 2.…”

Impact of dehydration on a full body resistance exercise protocol

“…Studies examining muscular endurance have shown signiWcant impairment (Bosco et al 1974;Caterisano et al 1988;Montain et al 1998;Torranin et al 1979) and no diVerence (Caterisano et al 1988;Ftaiti et al 2001;Greiwe et al 1998). Inconsistent Wndings may relate to methodological diVerences in mode of mass reduction (passive/active, diuretic, and caloric restriction), level of dehydration, and testing protocols.…”

Effectiveness of Glycerol Ingestion for Enhanced Body Water Retention during Cold Water Immersion

“…Dehydration (Buskirk et al 1958;Jacobs 1980), hypohydration (Caterisano et al 1988;Caldwell et al 1984), and plasma volume lois negatively affect work capacity (Coppin et al 1978;Craig and Cummings 1966;53itin 1964).…”

“…Cold exposure (10*C to 18*C) compounds the problems associated vith immersion diuresis by causing loss of muscular power and strength (Bergh 1980;Caterisano et al 1988;Gilmour and Edwards 1986), loss of mental faculties (Vaughan 1975;Vaughan 1977), and possible death due to severe hypothermia.…”