The effect of different plant nutrient regimes on the aphid <i>Macrosiphum euphorbiae</i> growing on petunia

Jansson, Johanna; Ekbom, Barbara

doi:10.1046/j.1570-7458.2002.00997.x

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Mineral concentrations above optimum thresholds are usually toxic to aphids, e. g., high boron and molybdenum (AUCLAIR and SRIVASTAVA, 1972), phosphorus and potassium (AUCLAIR, 1965) to A. pisum;magnesium to A. pisum (AUCLAIR, 1965) and M. persicae (DADD and MITTLER, 1965) and nitrate to S. graminum (SALAS et al, 1990) The concentration of individual minerals (e.g., P, Mg, S), also their ratios in alfalfa tissues, was negatively correlated to aphid population variation in the present work, suggesting that they affected aphid biology. JANSSON and EKBOM (2002) found negative correlations between both magnesium and sulfur concentration in Petunia leaves and fecundity and longevity of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae and BUSCH and PHELAN (1999) found that high phosphorus concentrations in soybeans resulted in longer developmental time of soybean looper (Pseudoplusia includens) and mineral proportions, such as high P:S ratio decreased pupal mass of this insect, but the opposite response was measured with a high S: P ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A decline on the performance of the aphids M. euphorbiae and Myzus persicae was found on potato tuber-filling leaves with a high C:N ratio, but C:N ratio on leaves was not correlated to sugar: amino acid ratio (KARLEY et al, 2002). Although most sucking insects respond positively to N fertilization (JANSSON and EKBOM, 2002), after reviewing several papers on N supplementation, VAN EMDEN (1966) related that in 36% of the cases aphids responded negatively to N fertilization, e.g., on barley (SALAS et al, 1990) and Polygonum pensilvanicum (MALBRY et al, 1997). SALAS et al (1990) related nitrogen supplementation was positively related to alkaloid (gramine) concentration and was negatively correlated to aphid (Schizaphis graminum) performance on barley.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several research papers have been published on the effect of mineral use (supplementation or deprivation) and its impact on insect biology (BARKER and TAUBER, 1957;TAYLOR et al, 1952;KINDLER and STAPLES, 1970;MALBRY et al, 1997;BUSCH and PHELAN, 1999;JANSSON and EKBOM, 2002). But there is little information on the effect of inherent concentration of minerals on aphid population dynamics under field conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the inherent variation in the mineral concentration of alfalfa cultivars on aphid populations

Silva¹,

Varanda

Primavesi

2005

Bragantia

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Plants have inherent variability of mineral content which affects their physiology and consequently the herbivorous insects feeding on them. Besides, insects need considerable amounts of potassium, phosphorus and magnesium in their diets, whereas little calcium, sodium and chloride are required. In this study, the inherent variation on mineral (Ca, S, Mg, N, P, K and also C:N ratio) concentrations and aphid (Acyrthosiphon spp., Therioaphis maculata, Aphis craccivora) populations on three alfalfa (Medicago sativa) cultivars (P3; Crioula, the most widely cultivated in Brazil, and CUF 101, an aphid-resistant) were studied between September/1997 and August/1998. A significant variation on mineral concentrations and aphid populations was observed among different sampling times and cultivars. The correlations between C:N ratio, Mg, N, P and S concentrations and aphid density variation suggest that the mineral status affects aphid population dynamics under field conditions. Key words: Aphididae, insecta, nutrients, resistance, plant-insect relation. RESUMO EFEITO DA VARIAÇÃO INATA DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE MINERAIS EM CULTIVARES DE ALFAFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA) EM POPULAÇÕES DE AFÍDEOS (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE)As plantas têm variação inata do conteúdo de minerais e seu estado nutricional afeta sua fisiologia cloretos. A variação inata na concentração de minerais (Ca, S, Mg, N, P, K e também a razão C:N) e na população de afídeos (Acyrthosiphon spp., Therioaphis maculata, Aphis craccivora) em três cultivares de alfafa (M. sativa) -P3; Crioula, as mais cultivadas no Brasil, e CUF 101, resistente a afídeos -foi estudada entre setembro/1997 a agosto/1998 neste trabalho. A concentração de minerais e as populações de pulgões variaram significativamente entre os diferentes períodos de coleta e cultivares. As correlações encontradas entre as concentrações de Mg, N, P, S e a razão C:N e a variação no número de pulgões sugerem que os minerais da planta afetam a dinâmica populacional dos pulgões em campo.Palavras-chave: Aphididae, insecta, nutrientes, resistência, relação planta-inseto.A.A. Silva et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the inherent variation in the mineral concentration of alfalfa cultivars on aphid populations

Silva¹,

Varanda

Primavesi

2005

Bragantia

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“…aphids) because of the low nitrogen content of phloem (0.004-0.06%) compared to other plant tissues (Mattson 1980). Numerous studies have shown that nitrogen fertilization of host plants results in increased growth rate, higher potential fecundity and shorter developmental time of aphids and ultimately increases their population density (Pettit et al 1994;Nevo and Coll 2001;Jansson and Ekbom 2002). However, many other studies have shown no or a negative response of aphids to nitrogen fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and population growth rate of the cotton aphid, and associated yield losses in cucumber, under different nitrogen fertilization regimes

Hosseini¹,

Ashouri

Enkegaard

et al. 2010

International Journal of Pest Management

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Performance and population growth rate of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover, and the yield losses inflicted by that pest, were studied in relation to varying nitrogen fertilization levels (90, 110, 150 and 190 ppm) on cucumber, Cucumis sativus L., under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that some plant variables, including leaf biomass, water and nitrogen content, increased at higher levels of nitrogen fertilization. Aphids developing on cucumber plants receiving the highest nitrogen fertilization had a significantly shorter development time and produced more offspring per capita than aphids subjected to the other regimes. However, no significant differences were observed in juvenile survivorship under different nitrogen treatments. Aphid adult body weight and mean relative growth rate (MRGR), as well as the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m ), were positively correlated with nitrogen fertilization levels in the treated plants. Additionally, aphid abundance and population growth rate (r) were significantly influenced by interaction between nitrogen fertilization level and sampling date. Plant yield was significantly affected by the interaction between nitrogen fertilization rate and aphid presence. In the absence of aphids, plant yield increased linearly with higher nitrogen fertilization; however, in the presence of aphids yield decreased linearly with nitrogen fertilization, the lowest yield being produced by plants fertilized with 190 ppm nitrogen. We discuss the results in relation to aphid population dynamics and management.

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“…An excess of nitrogen (N) or deficiency of potassium (K) can lead to higher accumulation of amino acids which in turn can cause higher attack rate by sucking insects (JANSSON & EKBOM, 2002). Also, plant phenology such as leaf position on plant canopy, plant age, leaf areas, and trichomes besides natural enemies and weather can influence population of A. gossypii (CHAU et al, 2005;338 Ciênc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting colonization and abundance of Aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) on okra plantations

et al. 2007

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The control of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) (Malvaceae) consist primarily in the use of insecticides, due to the lack of information on other mortality factors. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of predators and parasitoids, height of canopy, plant age, leaf areas, organic compounds leaves, levels of leaf nitrogen and potassium, density of leaf trichomes, total rainfall and median temperature on attack intensity of A. gossypii on two successive A. esculentus var. Santa Cruz plantations. Monthly number estimates of A. gossypii and natural enemies (visual inspection) occurred on bottom, middle and apical parts of 30 plants/plantation (one leaf/plant). Plants senescence, leaf areas and natural enemies, mainly Adialytus spp., spiders and Coccinellidae, were some of the factors that most contributed to aphid reduction. A higher number of aphids was found on the bottom part than medium and apical parts of okra plants. Total rainfall can reduce the aphid population. Trichomes non-glandular or low density, organic compounds leaves and levels of N and K were not important for reducing aphid population.Index terms: Abelmoschus esculentus, aphid, natural enemies, leaf area, nitrogen. RESUMOO controle de Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em quiabeiro Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) (Malvaceae) consiste principalmente no uso de inseticidas, em virtude da falta de informação sobre outros fatores de mortalidade. Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar os efeitos de predadores e parasitóides, altura de dossel, idade da planta, área foliar, compostos orgânicos foliares, níveis de nitrogênio e potássio, densidade de tricomas, pluviosidade e temperatura na intensidade de ataque de A. gossypii em dois cultivos sucessivos de Abelmoschus esculentus var. Santa Cruz. Estimou-se, mensalmente, o número de A. gossypii e de inimigos naturais (inspeção visual) ocorridos nas folhas (uma folha/planta) localizadas nas partes basal, mediana e apical de 30 plantas/ plantação. Os fatores que mais contribuíram com a redução da população de pulgões foram a senescência de plantas, área foliar e inimigos naturais, principalmente Adialytus spp., aranhas e Coccinellidae. Maior número de pulgões foi observado na parte basal que na mediana e apical de plantas de quiabeiro. A pluviosidade total pode reduzir a população de pulgões. Tricomas tectores (não-glandulares) ou baixa densidade destes, compostos orgânicos foliares e níveis de N e de K não foram importantes para a redução da população de pulgões. Termos para indexação:Abelmoschus esculentus, afídeos, inimigos naturais, área foliar, nitrogênio.

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The effect of different plant nutrient regimes on the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae growing on petunia

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of the inherent variation in the mineral concentration of alfalfa cultivars on aphid populations

Effect of the inherent variation in the mineral concentration of alfalfa cultivars on aphid populations

Performance and population growth rate of the cotton aphid, and associated yield losses in cucumber, under different nitrogen fertilization regimes

Factors affecting colonization and abundance of Aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) on okra plantations

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