The Effect of Different Levels of Organic and Inorganic Chromium Supplementation on Production Performance, Carcass Traits and Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Chicken Under Heat Stress Condition

Abstract

A total of 250 broilers in a completely randomized design selected to evaluate the effect of different levels of chromium (Cr) supplementation on performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters of heat-stressed broiler chicks. All birds were kept under heat stress temperature (33 ± 3°C) and divided into five treatments groups. Each treatment consisted of five pens with 10 birds in each pen. The basal diets were supplemented with 0 ppb (control), 800 ppb Cr-L-Met (T(1)), 1,200 ppb Cr-L-Met (T(2)) or 800 ppb CrCl(3) (T(3)), and 1,200 ppb CrCl(3) (T(4)). The feed intake and body mass were measured at 10, 21, and 42 days of age. Blood samples were collected from two birds in each replicates to determine biological and hematological values at 28 and 42 days of age. There were no significant difference in mass gain and feed conversion of broilers that received Cr supplementations compared with controls. The serum glucose concentration decreased in broilers received organic chromium methionine supplements compared with other treatments groups. Slight but not significant increases were observed in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration of treated groups than controls while the mean serum HDL concentration was significantly higher in T(2) group compared with control group. Serum low-density lipoprotein level decreased in broiler received organic Cr supplements (p < 0.05).

Response of Heat-Stressed Commercial Broilers To Dietary Supplementation of Organic Chromium

“…Studies with Cr-yeast showed supplementation of 300 ppb and 500 ppb Cr from Cr yeast improved FCRof heat stressed broilers [9] [17]. However, Another report showed that FCR of broilers receiving organic Cr supplemented diets did not significantly differ from control during heat stress [18]. The improvement in FCR could be due to the fact that yeast derived Cr is considered to be the most biologically active and observable form of Cr.…”

Effects of Supplemental Chromium Source and Concentration on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality of Broilers Under Heat Stress Conditions

“…The lack of agreement among these studies may be partially explained by one or a combination of the following: (1) the source of Cr, (2) the concentration of the supplemental Cr, (3) the concentration of Cr in the basal diets, and (4) the duration and type of induced stress. The Cr concentration in the basal diet in the studies by Ghazi et al [13] and Moeini et al [14] analyzed over 3.0 mg Cr/kg diet, and the lack of improvement in growth performance in these studies may be due to the high Cr concentration in the basal diets. High Cr concentration in basal diets may decrease the growth performance response to supplemental Cr in broilers.…”

“…In contrast, other studies had demonstrated no effect of dietary Cr supplementation on broiler growth performance under heat stress conditions. Ghazi et al [13] and Moeini et al [14] reported that growth performance of heat-stress broilers was not affected by dietary Cr supplementation from either CrCl 3 or CrMet. The lack of agreement among these studies may be partially explained by one or a combination of the following: (1) the source of Cr, (2) the concentration of the supplemental Cr, (3) the concentration of Cr in the basal diets, and (4) the duration and type of induced stress.…”

“…Ghazi et al [13] reported that growth performance of heat-stress broilers were not affected by dietary Cr supplementation (0, 0.6, 1.2 mg Cr/kg from CrCl 3 or CrMet). Moeini et al [14] also showed no difference in body mass, feed intake, and conversion ratio of heat-stress broilers fed diets containing 0, 0.8, or 1.2 mg Cr/kg from CrCl 3 or CrMet. The lack of agreement among these studies may be partially explained by the Cr sources, supplemental Cr concentration, and/or Cr concentration in the basal diets.…”

“…In most studies, organic Cr has been added in the form of CrPic or CrMet [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Chromium propionate (CrPro), as a new organic Cr additive, is permitted as a source of supplemental Cr for swine and cattle feed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [15].…”