The effect of different intensity physical activity on cardiovascular metabolic health in obese children and adolescents: An isotemporal substitution model

Abstract

Objective: This study’s purpose was to investigate the effects of different intensities of physical activity on cardiovascular metabolism in obese children and adolescents based on an isochronous replacement model.Methods: A total of 196 obese children and adolescents (mean age, 13.44 ± 1.71 years) who met the inclusion criteria and attended a summer camp from July 2019 to August 2021 were recruited for this study, and all subjects wore a GT3X + triaxial motion accelerometer uniformly around the waist to record physical activity levels. We collected the subjects’ height, weight, and cardiovascular risk factors such as waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting lipids, blood pressure, fasting insulin, and fasting glucose before and after 4 weeks of camp and constructed cardiometabolic risk score (CMR-z). We analyzed the effects of different intensities of physical activity on cardiovascular metabolism in obese children using isotemporal substitution model (ISM).Results: After 4 weeks, cardiovascular risk factors such as body weight, waist circumference, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were reduced in adolescents with obesity (p <0.01), and CMR-z was also reduced (p <0.01). ISM analysis revealed that all sedentary behavior (SB) replacement with 10 min of light physical activity (LPA) reduced CMR-z [β = −0.10, 95% CI (−0.20, −0.01)]; 10-min of moderate physical activity (MPA) replacement of SB reduced CMR-z [β = −0.32, 95% CI (−0.63, −0.01)]; 10-min of vigorous physical activity (VPA) replacement of SB reduced CMR-z [β = −0.39, 95% CI (−0.66, −0.12)].Conclusion: Replacement of SB with 10 min of LPA, MPA, and VPA were all effective in improving cardiovascular risk health, respectively, but MPA or VPA was more effective.

Leisure experience and mobile phone addiction: Evidence from Chinese adolescents

“…Apart from maintaining and improving physical health, it is well-established that leisure activities are also beneficial to mental health. Specifically, physical activities reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in adolescents, such as triglyceride [ 11 ]; an empirical study from the UK found that, after considering factors such as weight, higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adolescents was related to decreased hyperactivity score, peer problems and depressive-symptoms [ 12 ]. Besides, Mock and Smale confirmed that social leisure activities (e.g., watching sports events on the spot), cultural leisure activities (e.g., visiting some museums) and exercise are good for life satisfaction and wellbeing [ 13 ].…”

Increasing the Level of Physical Activity Intensity with Child-Designed Games and Creativity of 6-8 Year-Olds during Gymnastics Lessons in Physical Education

“…Engaging in higher levels od activity can help support their physical development and improve their overall health and well-being (Britton et al, 2023;García-Hermoso et al, 2020). Children who engage in regular PA have stronger bones and muscles (Deng et al, 2023;Skinner et al, 2023), improved cardiovascular health (Cao et al, 2023), and a lower risk of developing chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease (Carriedo & Cecchini, 2023;Denova-Gutiérrez et al, 2023;Stensel, 2023;Su et al, 2023). Higher levels of PA in children aged 6-8 may also enhance their cognitive development, as evidenced by shown in improved memory, attention, and academic performance (Lin et al, 2023;Luo et al, 2023;.…”