The effect of different genres of music and silence on relaxation and anxiety: A randomized controlled trial

Malakoutikhah, Alireza; Dehghan, Mahlagha; Ghonchehpoorc, Asma; Afshar, Peiman Parandeh; Honarmand, Amin

doi:10.1016/j.explore.2020.02.005

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The musical styles chosen by the students in this study were diverse, ranging from pop (27%) to classical music (22%), whether from classicism, baroque, or any other periods (Table 1). Several studies have found good results when listening to classical music (Kim et al, 2011), (Malakoutikhah et al, 2020), but we have not found any that make a distinction within the different stages. 50% of the students who listened to classical music chose classicism music, and 22% chose baroque music (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Transformation of the university educational space through Musical Flow on undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

Pellicer

Condé

Luaña

2022

REA

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Dental students are subjected to high levels of stress and anxiety. Music has been used in various fields to improve attention and performance in students. The aim of this pilot study was to test how the incorporation of Musical Flow project into clinical activity can control anxiety levels, improving the educational experience during the dental practice of undergraduate dental students. 119 students with different nationalities in 5th year of dentistry were included and divided into two groups: group I (n=63) listened to music; group II (n=56) did not listen to any type of music and acted as a control. Using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a questionnaire filled in by the students, we recorded their degree of pre- and post-operative anxiety and the influence of music during their clinical practice. 86% considered music as useful tool to decrease their anxiety; for 89% it could improve their clinical practice. Group I experienced a decrease in anxiety according to VAS of 1.76 points; group II of 0.85 points. COVID-19 increased students' anxiety by 58%. The incorporation of the Musical Flow during clinical practice may decrease their level of anxiety, improving the development of their clinical activity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Transformation of the university educational space through Musical Flow on undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

Pellicer

Condé

Luaña

2022

REA

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“…Without a less unpleasant, active control eliciting levels of arousal, attentional and affective involvement comparable to music listening, stress reduction may not be confidently regarded as a product of music itself (Chanda & Levitin, 2013). Nonetheless, previous studies have found silence and certain genres to similarly increase relaxation (Labbé et al, 2007;Malakoutikhah et al, 2020), diminishing the likelihood of music functioning merely as less aversive stimuli and strengthening the reliability of findings involving non-active controls. Additionally, as the dimensions of psychopathy and narcissism were not differentiated, the findings can only be extended to these traits as measured by the SD3 scale.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Beneath the surface: The influence of music and the dark triad traits on stress and performance

2021

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Examining factors that protect against the negative repercussions of stress on everyday functioning is paramount. This experimental study investigated the effects of music listening and personality on the reduction of perceived stress and cognitive performance. Seventy adults (18–45 years, M = 22.8, SD = 6.6) completed measures of the Dark Triad traits (psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism), music preferences, and music uses, and undertook a stress-inducing procedure. Participants were randomly allocated to three groups: hip-hop/rap, classical music, control, being exposed to the respective genre or silence for 20 min after the predicted peak in stress. Results showed that classical and hip-hop/rap music equally facilitated stress reduction. Narcissism predicted lower stress when classical music preference was high. Narcissism also predicted enhanced performance but also greater stress, when paired with infrequent stress-management through music. These novel findings demonstrate how particular genres and traits, despite being predominantly negatively perceived, can enhance stress reduction or cognitive performance.

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“…Different types of studies are available in the literature investigating the effects of music types on anxiety levels of patients. In a study by Malakoutikhah et al, it was found that while pop, Western classical music, and Persian traditional music provided relief in patients from the Iran population, any type of music was found to reduce anxiety [33]. In studies conducted with cancer patients, guitar, piano, and ute music were found to have positive effects on anxiety [17,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of visual objects and music on anxiety levels of breast cancer patients scheduled to experience chemotherapy for the first time: a prospective randomized clinical study

İriağaç

Çavdar

Karaboyun

et al. 2022

Support Care Cancer

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ObjectiveTo investigate the in uence of music together with attractive visual objects as an ambiance in the waiting room on anxiety levels of breast cancer patients scheduled to receive chemotherapy in outpatient setting for the rst time. Material and MethodBreast cancer patients planned to receive adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the rst time between November 1st, 2020 and July 31st, 2021 were included. Two designs, including a standard waiting room (StWR) and an intervention waiting room (IWR) that was created by adding music and visual objects to the standard room were constructed. These 2 designs were repeated sequentially in monthly periods and a total of 104 patients with 52 in each group were randomized. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADs) were used for assessments.Results of the patients in StWR and IWR groups were compared. ResultsBoth HADs anxiety and STAI-state anxiety scale scores were lower in patients who waited in IWR compared to those who waited in StWR (p=0.041, p=0.012, respectively). In patients in the IWR group, mean heart rate was lower by 7.6 bpm (p=0.009). No difference was found between the groups with regard to HADs depression score and STAI-trait anxiety score (p=0.305, p=0.535, respectively). For all patients, HADs anxiety scale (r=0.400, p=<0.001) and STAI-state anxiety scale (r=0.475, p=<0.001) scores increased as the waiting time increased. Discussion and ConclusionThe present study is the rst to investigate the in uence of adding music together with attractive visual objects to the standard ambiance of the chemotherapy waiting room on anxiety levels of breast cancer patients. We propose that introduction of paintings, arti cial plants, and music to the ambiance of the waiting room has a signi cantly positive effect on alleviating anxiety levels of cancer patients waiting for chemotherapy.

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The effect of different genres of music and silence on relaxation and anxiety: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Transformation of the university educational space through Musical Flow on undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

Transformation of the university educational space through Musical Flow on undergraduate dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study

Beneath the surface: The influence of music and the dark triad traits on stress and performance

The influence of visual objects and music on anxiety levels of breast cancer patients scheduled to experience chemotherapy for the first time: a prospective randomized clinical study

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