The effect of different frequencies of electroacupuncture on BDNF and NGF expression in the hippocampal CA3 area of the ischemic hemisphere in cerebral ischemic rats

Duan, Xuening; Zhang, Lei; Jin, Yu; Wei, Wei; Liu, Xi; Xu, Fang; Guo, Shengmin

doi:10.2147/ndt.s183436

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…This result appears to be in agreement with recent papers showing that EA ameliorates cognitive impairment through inhibition of Ca 2+mediated neurotoxicity in a rat model of cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury [54]. We also observed the effect of EA on the improvement of learning and memory ability in MCAO/R rats, which may be related to the stimulation of the brain by EA to produce endogenous NGF [55]. Other recent studies have demonstrated that it is feasible to attenuate cognitive impairment by reducing hippocampal neuronal degeneration and apoptosis [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The influence of electronic acupuncture at a specific frequency in facilitating the passage of NGF through the blood-brain barrier and its effect on learning and memory in MCAO/R rats

Zhao¹,

Mao²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

J. Integr. Neurosci.

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Background:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) maintains the balance of the internal environment of the brain and strictly controls substance exchange between the brain and blood dynamically but stably. Transient increases in the permeability of the BBB plays an important role in helping macromolecular drugs enter the brain to exert their pharmacological effects. Previous research has revealed that electronic acupuncture (EA) stimulation connecting Baihui (GV20) and Shuigou (GV26) at a specific frequency can enhance the permeability of the BBB at 8 minutes after the intervention and induce the entry of 20 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran) into the cerebral cortex, but whether it can also allow drugs to pass the BBB remains unknown. We hypothesized that EA at a specific frequency could open the BBB and induce the entry of nerve growth factor (NGF) into the brain to exert its therapeutic effect. Methods: First, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model is adopted and changes in the permeability and structure of the BBB are assessed by measuring both the intensity of Evans blue (EB) staining and the cerebral infarction volume, and by evaluating the ultrastructure of the BBB. Then, a laser spectrometer and immunofluorescence are used to observe entry of NGF into the brain. Finally, the learning and memory ability of rats are assessed and the DeadEnd TM Fluorometric TUNEL System is applied to assess apoptosis in the hippocampus. Results: Our results showed that, in the first, the BBB was essentially repaired three weeks after MCAO operation. Secondly, Electronic Acupuncture (EA) stimulation at a specific frequency can enhance BBB permeability in the prefrontal cortex and induce NGF uptake by prefrontal neurons. Finally, in the presence of EA stimulation, entry of NGF into the brain promoted learning and memory in rats and inhibited the apoptosis of neurons in the hippocampus. Conclusions: In this study, the timing of BBB repair in the MCAO model was determined under pathological conditions and the EA stimulation can induce the entry of NGF into the brain to exert its therapeutic effect. EA could serve as a new strategy for delivering therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS), given that EA stimulation at a specific frequency was shown to increase the permeability of the BBB. Further study of the mechanism underlying the opening of the BBB and its timing is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The influence of electronic acupuncture at a specific frequency in facilitating the passage of NGF through the blood-brain barrier and its effect on learning and memory in MCAO/R rats

Zhao¹,

Mao²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

J. Integr. Neurosci.

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“…Different frequencies of electroacupuncture could produce different effects. For neurological reconstruction, electroacupuncture could promote the expression of NGF and BDNF in the hippocampal CA3 region of cerebral ischemic rats, and the 50-Hz electroacupuncture effect was more obvious [ 32 ]. For cerebral blood flow, the electroacupuncture in both 2 and 15 Hz groups induced the increase of cerebral blood flow in rats [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of opposing needling on motor cortex excitability in healthy participants and in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia: study protocol for a single-blind, randomised controlled trial

et al. 2021

Trials

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Background Opposing needling has an obvious curative effect in the treatment of post-stroke hemiplegia; however, the mechanism of the opposing needling in the treatment of post-stroke hemiplegia is still not clear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of opposing needling on the excitability of primary motor cortex (M1) of healthy participants and patients with post-stroke hemiplegia, which may provide insight into the mechanisms of opposing needling in treating post-stroke hemiplegia. Methods This will be a single-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial in which 80 healthy participants and 40 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia will be recruited. Healthy participants will be randomised 1:1:1:1 to the 2-Hz, 50-Hz, 100-Hz, and sham electroacupuncture groups. Patients with post-stroke hemiplegia will be randomised 1:1 to the opposing needling or conventional treatment groups. The M1 will be located in all groups by using neuroimaging-based navigation. The stimulator coil of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) will be moved over the left and right M1 in order to identify the TMS hotspot, followed by a recording of resting motor thresholds (RMTs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) of the thenar muscles induced by TMS before and after the intervention. The primary outcome measure will be the percent change in the RMTs of the thenar muscles at baseline and after the intervention. The secondary outcome measures will be the amplitude (μV) and latency (ms) of the MEPs of the thenar muscles at baseline and after the intervention. Discussion The aim of this trial is to explore the effect of opposing needling on the excitability of M1 of healthy participants and patients with post-stroke hemiplegia. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900028138. Registered on 13 December 2019.

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Possible Engagement of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Pathophysiology of Brain Ischemia-Induced Cognitive Impairment

et al. 2021

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The effect of different frequencies of electroacupuncture on BDNF and NGF expression in the hippocampal CA3 area of the ischemic hemisphere in cerebral ischemic rats

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

The influence of electronic acupuncture at a specific frequency in facilitating the passage of NGF through the blood-brain barrier and its effect on learning and memory in MCAO/R rats

The influence of electronic acupuncture at a specific frequency in facilitating the passage of NGF through the blood-brain barrier and its effect on learning and memory in MCAO/R rats

Effect of opposing needling on motor cortex excitability in healthy participants and in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia: study protocol for a single-blind, randomised controlled trial

Possible Engagement of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Pathophysiology of Brain Ischemia-Induced Cognitive Impairment

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