The effect of different EEG derivations on sleep staging in rats: the frontal midline–parietal bipolar electrode for sleep scoring

Abstract

Most sleep-staging research has focused on developing and optimizing algorithms for sleep scoring, but little attention has been paid to the effect of different electroencephalogram (EEG) derivations on sleep staging. To explore the possible effects of EEG derivations, an automatic computer method was established and confirmed by agreement analysis between the computer and two independent raters, and four fronto-parietal bipolar leads were compared for sleep scoring in rats. The results demonstrated that different bipolar electrodes have significantly different sleep-staging accuracies, and that the optimal frontal electrode for sleep scoring is located at the anterior midline.

Evaluation of brain functional states based on projections of electroencephalographic spectral parameters on 2-dimensional canonical space

“…The EEG spectral profiles different between cortices. Manual and automatic sleep scoring are known to be affected by recording site (Fang et al, 2009), and in agreement with this, our results showed that the differentiation of states by frontal EEG to the frontal reference space is better than by parietal EEG to the parietal reference space. Similarly, the CV of dissimilarity was lower when the frontal EEG was projected to the same frontal reference space than to another parietal reference space, but this was not apparent when parietal EEG was projected.…”

Vigilance and Behavioral State-Dependent Modulation of Cortical Neuronal Activity throughout the Sleep/Wake Cycle

“…Stainless steel screws and wires were inserted respectively over the contralateral skull (frontal electrode, 12 mm anterior to bregma, 12 mm lateral; parietal electrode, À2 mm posterior to bregma, 12 mm lateral) and into the neck muscles for monitoring of EEG and EMG. The skull positions for the EEG screws were chosen to facilitate NREM sleep detection (Fang et al, 2009). After recovery from surgery, mice were habituated to the head restraint for 3 weeks (daily sessions of increasing duration) until regular bouts of NREM and REM sleeps were detected.…”

Sleep scoring in rodents: Criteria, automatic approaches and outstanding issues

“…For example, most of the sleep stages are classified mainly within the low-frequency range (<20 Hz) that differs along the anteroposterior axes of the brain as mentioned above. Thus, slightly different electrode positions can lead to differences in sleep classification especially with automated systems (Fang et al, 2009). In other words, in sleep studies, which implant only a single electrode in the hippocampus, for example, Winson (1976) and Costa-Miserachs et al (2003), it is not possible to accurately examine the delta spectral dynamics because they are stronger on the frontal electrodes.…”