The Effect of Dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Growth Performance, Oxidative Status, and Immune Response of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) on growth, intestinal morphometric characteristics, blood indices, redox balance, expression of immune-related genes, and their involvement in disease resistance in sea bream (Sparus aurata). Three hundred healthy sea bream fingerlings were allocated into equal four groups (15 fish per hapa). The first group was served as a control and received a basal diet, while the other three groups were fed diets containing 1, 2, and 4 g/kg diet SC, respectively. At the end of week 16, the daily weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed utilization were significantly higher in the SC2 and SC4 groups than the control (p < 0.05). SC dose-dependently improved intestinal morphology, and the 4 g/kg diet significantly increased dry matter, crude fat, and crude protein percentage of body composition when compared with the control group. The 4 g/kg SC boosted innate immune response and phagocytic activity, and all SC-supplemented diets improved total protein, glucose, triglycerides, and urea concentrations, as well as intestinal digestive enzymatic activities. All estimated oxidative markers were significantly enhanced in the group that received 4 g/kg SC when compared with the control and other SC groups (p < 0.05). Feeding the fish a diet supplemented with 4 g/kg SC markedly regulated the expression of HSP70, IGF1, and IL-1β genes. In addition, the 4 g/kg SC-supplemented diet was the most effective in protecting the fish against Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge. In conclusion, SC-enriched diet improved growth performance, intestinal morphology, redox homeostasis, and immune response of S. aurata with the 4 g/kg concentration as the most effective.

Potential effects of probiotics (immunobacteryne; IMB) on growth performance, feed efficacy, blood biochemical, redox balance, nonspecific immunity and heat‐shock protein expression of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

“…Regarding liver function, liver enzymes (AST and ALT) are implicated in amino acid catabolism, and their higher activities in blood serum are considered a good indicator of liver damage. In this study, the higher levels of IMB coupled with the lower activities of liver enzymes confirmed that probiotic supplementation can improve the liver function of Nile tilapia, which was in general agreement with Fath‐El‐Bab et al (2022), who reported that the addition of B. coagulans in tilapia diet resulted in a significant decrease of liver enzymes activity.…”

“…It is well known that balanced diets have a dynamic effect on the body composition of fish (Fath‐El‐Bab et al, 2022). The production of digestive enzymes could be increased by the supplementation of IMB, which could promote the nutrient composition of aquatic animals.…”

“…It could enhance growth performance by helping the digestive system, protect from pathogens, improve water quality and boost the immune system (Sholihuddin et al, 2020). Several microorganisms, such as Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, yeast, and microalgae, have been investigated as probiotics in aquaculture (Abdel‐Moniem et al, 2019; Fath El‐Bab, Majrashi, et al, 2022; Fath El‐Bab, Saghir, et al, 2022; Xia et al, 2020).…”

“…In the current study, the addition of the commercial source of probiotics at a level of 1 or 1.5 mg IMB/kg diet resulted in increasing the secretion of digestive enzymes such as amylase and lipase, which might improve the nutrient digestibility and thus feed efficiency and average daily gain.Concerning GH, it can stimulate transport pathways that facilitate the absorption of nutrients across intestinal epithelia(Petro-Sakuma et al, 2021). The secretion of GH in the current study has been improved significantly by the dietary treatment, which can support the aforementioned investigation related to the improved growth performance of the treated group compared to the control.It is well known that balanced diets have a dynamic effect on the body composition of fish(Fath-El-Bab et al, 2022). The production of digestive enzymes could be increased by the supplementation of IMB, which could promote the nutrient composition of aquatic animals.…”

Growth performance and blood figures of African catfish (Clarias sp.) fed with marine fungal fermented feed

“…It was thought to be caused by the additional nutrient contribution and the increase in digestibility in the fermented feed. The results obtained previously generally showed that the use of S. cerevisiae as a feed additive was positively correlated with the appearance of body weight of Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) [21].…”