The Effect of Diet and Lifestyle on the Course of Diabetic Retinopathy—A Review of the Literature

Bryl, Anna; Mrugacz, Małgorzata; Falkowski, Mariusz; Zorena, Katarzyna

doi:10.3390/nu14061252

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…However, for the prevention of diabetes und consequently, also DR, lipid profile, blood pressure, and glycemia can be controlled by pharmacological treatment but also by a healthy lifestyle that includes physical activity and changes dietary practices [ 100 ]. Moreover, peer support groups can improve self-management and promote healthy behavior; in fact, diabetic patients that are members of peer support groups report satisfaction and positive lifestyle change [ 101 ].…”

Section: Targeted Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic retinopathy as the leading cause of blindness and early predictor of cascading complications—risks and mitigation

et al. 2023

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Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) the sequel of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population. The current screening process for the DR risk is not sufficiently effective such that often the disease is undetected until irreversible damage occurs. Diabetes-associated small vessel disease and neuroretinal changes create a vicious cycle resulting in the conversion of DR into PDR with characteristic ocular attributes including excessive mitochondrial and retinal cell damage, chronic inflammation, neovascularisation, and reduced visual field. PDR is considered an independent predictor of other severe diabetic complications such as ischemic stroke. A “domino effect” is highly characteristic for the cascading DM complications in which DR is an early indicator of impaired molecular and visual signaling. Mitochondrial health control is clinically relevant in DR management, and multi-omic tear fluid analysis can be instrumental for DR prognosis and PDR prediction. Altered metabolic pathways and bioenergetics, microvascular deficits and small vessel disease, chronic inflammation, and excessive tissue remodelling are in focus of this article as evidence-based targets for a predictive approach to develop diagnosis and treatment algorithms tailored to the individual for a cost-effective early prevention by implementing the paradigm shift from reactive medicine to predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) in primary and secondary DR care management.

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Section: Targeted Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic retinopathy as the leading cause of blindness and early predictor of cascading complications—risks and mitigation

et al. 2023

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“…In a review by Bryle et al ( 2022), the authors provided evidence from various studies about the benefits of physical activity in reducing the risk of developing DR and stated that less physically active diabetic patients showed increased blood flow in the retina on exertion [37]. In general, the pathogenesis of DR is primarily due to vascular abnormalities in the retina, yet choroidal abnormalities in the eye of patients with DR have also been found [38]. Alten, Eter, and Schmitz (2021) investigated the effects of a four-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on choriocapillaris (CC) in type 1 diabetes patients versus healthy young adults.…”

Section: Protective Effect Of Exercise On the Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity Status and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review

AlQabandi¹,

Nandula²,

Boddepalli³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Substantial evidence highlights the association between physical inactivity and diabetes onset and complications. Little is known regarding the link between physical inactivity and diabetic retinopathy in terms of onset, progression, and severity. This review aims to investigate these associations and understand the underlying mechanisms behind these associations. Decreased sedentary times and the inclusion of more physical activity have been linked to the delayed onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy and less severe forms of said condition. Physical activity provides both protective and anti-inflammatory effects on the retina. Further research is needed to understand and elucidate the exact mechanisms by which lack of physical activity affects retinal health and the onset, progression, and severity of diabetic retinopathy.

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“…In particular, fresh fruit intakes were not only favorably associated with any DR but also VTDR. Fresh fruits are an important source of essential vitamins, minerals, ber, and avonoids that can help decrease retinal injury 25 . However, in this study, the patients' fruit intake was well below the recommended intake of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (28.6 g/day vs 200.0 g/day).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Vision-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Adults With Diabetes in China

Hou

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The first national cross-sectional survey of diabetic complications was conducted in Chinese adults with diabetes aged 18–74 years between 2018 and 2020 with a multistage sampling scheme. 50564 participants with gradable non-mydriatic fundus photographs were included in this study. The national prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening DR (VTDR) was 16.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.3%-17.2%) and 3.2% (2.9%-3.5%), respectively. However, only a minority of participants with DR (non-VTDR: 9.4%, VTDR: 32.8%) reported being diagnosed with DR before this survey. The prevalence of DR and VTDR substantially varied across 31 provinces and was higher in the north than in the south. The differences in prevalence of any DR and VTDR between those who have attained a given metabolic goal and those who have not were more pronounced for Hemoglobin A1c than for blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multiple factors were associated with the presence and severity of DR.

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The Effect of Diet and Lifestyle on the Course of Diabetic Retinopathy—A Review of the Literature

Cited by 35 publications

References 194 publications

Diabetic retinopathy as the leading cause of blindness and early predictor of cascading complications—risks and mitigation

Diabetic retinopathy as the leading cause of blindness and early predictor of cascading complications—risks and mitigation

Physical Activity Status and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Vision-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Adults With Diabetes in China

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