The Effect of Daily Light Integral on Bedding Plant Growth and Flowering

Faust, James E.; Holcombe, Veronda; Rajapakse, Nihal C.; Layne, Desmond R.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.40.3.645

Cited by 97 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Obviously, excessive light inhibited growth of runner plants, which was supported by evidences that net photosynthetic rate, F v /F m and chlorophyll content of runner plant leaves under highest DLI were at lowest level. Similar results on bedding plants were reported that the total plant dry mass increased at a decreasing rate as DLI increased from 5 mol/(m 2 ·d) to 43 mol/(m 2 ·d), and the maximum peak point varied with specific species [24] . However, everbearing strawberry 'HS138' had 1.4-1.5 times greater dry matter accumulation in the plants at a high DLI (29.2 mol/(m 2 ·d)) than at a low DLI (19.4 mol/(m 2 ·d)), and no adverse effects on plants were found under high DLI and continuous lighting [25,26] .…”

Section: Effects Of Light Intensity and Photoperiod On Propagation Ofsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on runner plant propagation of hydroponic strawberry transplants under LED lighting

Zheng¹,

He²,

Ji³

2019

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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Vegetative propagation of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in the plant factory with artificial lighting is considered as an effective approach to produce high-quality transplants. In this study, mother plants of 'Benihoppe' strawberry were grown hydroponically for 50 d under eight LED lighting treatments by combining four levels of light intensity (200, 250, 300 and 350 mol/(m 2 ·s)) and two photoperiods (12 h/d and 16 h/d). Runner development, growth of runner plants, photon yield and energy yield in runners and runner plants were investigated to evaluate the strawberry propagation efficiency. Results indicated that length of runners decreased linearly with increasing daily light integral (DLI) under each photoperiod and was significantly shorter under photoperiod of 16 h/d. Runner elongation was inhibited by high DLI. Number of runners and runner plants formed by mother plants increased by 38.9% and 33.7%, when DLI increased from 8.6 to 11.5 mol/(m 2 ·d), respectively; however, no further increase was observed when DLI was higher than 11.5 mol/(m 2 ·d). Similar trends were found in crown diameter and biomass of primary and secondary runner plants. Negative impact of high DLI (20.2 mol/(m 2 ·d)) on photosynthetic capacity of runner plants was observed as a decrease in leaf net photosynthetic rate, potential maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, and chlorophyll content. Furthermore, photon yield and energy yield in runners and runner plants decreased significantly with increasing DLI. Therefore, DLI in a range of 11.5-17.3 mol/(m 2 ·d) is beneficial to improve strawberry propagation efficiency and quality of runner plants, and 11.5 mol/(m 2 ·d) is optimal for the strawberry propagation of runner plants in the LED plant factory because of the higher photon and energy yields.

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Section: Effects Of Light Intensity and Photoperiod On Propagation Ofsupporting

confidence: 86%

Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on runner plant propagation of hydroponic strawberry transplants under LED lighting

Zheng¹,

He²,

Ji³

2019

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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“…In several cases, response to production environment differed between the three crops investigated in our study. This was expected as plant growth and TTF response to light and temperature are well known to vary according to plant species and cultivar (Blanchard and Runkle, 2011b;Faust et al, 2005;Mattson and Erwin, 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Additionally, we postulate that suppression of stem elongation in the HT was influenced by the higher DLI. Increasing DLI has been shown to reduce stem elongation, during both constant and diurnal temperatures regimens (Faust et al, 2005;Kaczperski et al, 1991). For example, plant height of 'Snow Cloud' petunia grown at a constant air temperature of 15°C was reduced by 32% as DLI increased from 6.5 to 13 mol · m -2 · d -1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Tunnel versus Climate-controlled Greenhouse: Transplant Time and Production Environment Impact Growth and Morphology of Cold-tolerant Bedding Plants

Gerovac¹,

López²,

Mattson³

2015

horts

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Additional index words. average daily temperature, daily light integral, dianthus, floriculture crops, hoop house, petunia, protected cultivation, snapdragon Abstract. Commercial bedding plant production in northern latitudes often begins in late winter and continues through spring, when average outdoor temperatures require growers to actively heat their greenhouses (GHs). High tunnels (HTs) offer energy savings as they are passively heated and cooled structures that have a low initial cost. As a result, they have been used in northern latitudes to advance and extend the growing season and improve the quality of high-value horticultural crops. However, there is limited published information on growing bedding plants in HTs in northern latitudes. Our objectives were to quantify the effects of transplant date in an HT with or without a rowcover (RC) compared with a traditional heated GH on the growth and morphology of three cold-tolerant bedding plant species at two northern latitude locations, Purdue University (Purdue) and Cornell University (Cornell). Seedlings of snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L. 'Liberty Classic Yellow'), dianthus (Dianthus chinensis L. 'Telstar Crimson'), and petunia (Petunia 3hybrida Vilm.-Andr. 'Wave Pink') were transplanted on weeks 13, 14, and 15 in 2012 (Purdue) and 2013 (both locations) and moved to either a glass-glazed GH or an HT without (HT) or with a rowcover (HT+RC). Several quality measurements increased when plants were grown in the HT compared with those grown in the GH. Dianthus and petunia transplanted at Purdue during week 13 in the HT and HT+RC were 33% and 47% shorter and had 51% and 31% more visible buds, respectively, compared with those grown in the GH. Similarly, petunia transplanted at Cornell during week 13 in the HT and HT+RC were 45% and 43% shorter, respectively, than their GH counterparts. The shoot dry mass of dianthus and snapdragon at Purdue was significantly higher when grown in the HT compared with the GH, regardless of transplant week or the use of RC likely because of increased daily light integral (DLI) in the HT environment. There was about a 1-week delay from transplant to first open flower for week 13 dianthus (at Purdue) and petunia (at both locations) when finished in the HT or HT+RC vs. their GH counterparts. Such a delay would be acceptable to growers who want to reduce the use of chemical growth regulators and heating costs. However, at both locations snapdragon transplanted on week 13 to the HT or HT+RC environments were delayed by 22 to 26 days compared with the GH. A delay of over 3 weeks could interfere with a grower's production schedule, possibly making this crop unsuitable for production in northern latitude HTs.

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“…A higher stem caliper, RDM, and SDM were observed under HPS and LED SL compared with seedlings grown under ambient radiation, although differences between the SL sources were not observed. Generally, an increased DLI results in increased dry mass per unit of fresh weight, which ultimately leads to thicker tissues (Faust et al, 2005). Multiple studies have shown that increased DLI leads to increases in the accumulation of RDM and SDM of young plants (Hern andez and Kubota, 2014;Lopez and Runkle, 2008;Oh et al, 2010;Poel and Runkle, 2017b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Supplemental Lighting Provided by High-pressure Sodium Lamps or Light-emitting Diodes for the Propagation and Finishing of Bedding Plants in a Commercial Greenhouse

Craver¹,

Boldt²,

López³

2019

horts

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High-quality young plant production in northern latitudes requires supplemental lighting (SL) to achieve a recommended daily light integral (DLI) of 10 to 12 mol · m L2 · d L1 . High-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps have been the industry standard for providing SL in greenhouses. However, high-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) fixtures providing blue, white, red, and/or far-red radiation have recently emerged as a possible alternative to HPS lamps for greenhouse SL. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to 1) quantify the morphology and nutrient concentration of common and specialty bedding plant seedlings grown under no SL, or SL from HPS lamps or LED fixtures; and 2) determine whether SL source during propagation or finishing influences finished plant quality or flowering. The experiment was conducted at a commercial greenhouse in West Lafayette, IN. Seeds of New Guinea impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri 'Divine Blue Pearl'), French marigold (Tagetes patula 'Bonanza Deep Orange'), gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii 'Terracotta'), petunia (Petunia 3hybrida 'Single Dreams White'), ornamental millet (Pennisetum glaucum 'Jester'), pepper (Capsicum annuum 'Hot Long Red Thin Cayenne'), and zinnia (Zinnia elegans 'Zahara Fire') were sown in 128-cell trays. On germination, trays were placed in a double-poly greenhouse under a 16-hour photoperiod of ambient solar radiation and photoperiodic lighting from compact fluorescent lamps providing a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 2 mmol · m L2 · s L1 (ambient conditions) or SL from either HPS lamps or LED fixtures providing a PPFD of 70 mmol · m L2 · s L1 . After propagation, seedlings were transplanted and finished under SL provided by the same HPS lamps or LED fixtures in a separate greenhouse environment. Overall, seedlings produced under SL were of greater quality [larger stem caliper, increased number of nodes, lower leaf area ratio (LAR), and greater dry mass accumulation] than those produced under no SL. However, seedlings produced under HPS or LED SL were comparable in quality. Although nutrient concentrations were greatest under ambient conditions, select macroand micronutrient concentrations also were greater under HPS compared with LED SL. SL source during propagation and finishing had little effect on flowering and finished plant quality. Although these results indicate little difference in plant quality based on SL source, they further confirm the benefits gained from using SL for bedding plant production. In addition, with both SL sources producing a similar finished product, growers can prioritize other factors related to SL installations such as energy savings, fixture price, and fixture lifespan.

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The Effect of Daily Light Integral on Bedding Plant Growth and Flowering

Cited by 97 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on runner plant propagation of hydroponic strawberry transplants under LED lighting

Effects of light intensity and photoperiod on runner plant propagation of hydroponic strawberry transplants under LED lighting

High Tunnel versus Climate-controlled Greenhouse: Transplant Time and Production Environment Impact Growth and Morphology of Cold-tolerant Bedding Plants

Comparison of Supplemental Lighting Provided by High-pressure Sodium Lamps or Light-emitting Diodes for the Propagation and Finishing of Bedding Plants in a Commercial Greenhouse

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