The Effect of Cycloheximide on Cell Division in Partially Synchronized Plant Cells

Rose, R. J.

doi:10.1071/bi9700573

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Although classified separately, they may represent the same treatment effect at different stages of mitosis, indicating that some of the extract constituents have disrupted the sister chromatids at metaphase or the association of nonhomologous centromeres at anaphase. It has been shown by other workers that some chemicals like cycloheximide can inhibit the assembly of spindle apparatus and thus prevent chromatid separation and movement during anaphase (Rose 1970). Despiralization and C-banding have been also induced in human lymphoid cells (Ronne 1977a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of specific chemicals to induce chromosomal and/or nuclear changes has been well documented (Levan 1938, Kabarity 1966, Kamel 1966, Rose 1970, Lin 1973, Horn 1973, El Bayoumi et al 1979, Ronne 1977b, Shehab 1982, Mohammed 1986, Qureshi et al 1988). As the treatment of maize root tips with (100%) harmala extract produced the highest rate of cytogenetic variants compared with other treatments, thus, (100%) extract had been studied in details in different time of treatments.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetic Effects of Peganum harmala Extract on Maize Root Tips.

Abderrahman

1998

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Peganum harmala extract caused an increase in mitotic index of Zea mays treated cells with increasing the time of treatment in all cases. Depression of cell division in these cells increase with increasing the concentration of the extract in almost all treatments, however, roots treated with the highest concentration showed decreased in their mitotic index. Harmala extract at 100% concentration induced a variety of cytogenetic variants of which ten classes were observed. These include abnormalities in chromosomal organization (distinct chromatid separation, visible chromatids, despiralization, C-bands, ring chromosomes) and nuclear organization (laggard chromosomes, anaphases with bridges, micro and multi nuclei, C-metaphase, polar metaphase). The frequency of abnormalities are significantly higher than controls in all treatments studied. These results suggest that harmala can act at many levels of organization and cause a wide range of abnormalities involving all the stages of mitosis in Zea mays root tips.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic Effects of Peganum harmala Extract on Maize Root Tips.

Abderrahman

1998

CYTOLOGIA

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“…In studies on Chlamydomonas reinhardii, 2.5 mM chloral hy drate was shown to inhibit cell division by 57% and protein synthesis by 53% (20). The well known protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide has been shown to block cell division (26,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of an in Vitro Protein Synthesizing System to Test the Mode of Action of Chloracetamides

Deal¹,

Reeves

Larkins

et al. 1980

Weed sci.

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The effects of chloracetamides on protein synthesis were studied both in vivo and in vitro. Four chloracetamide herbicides, alachlor [2-chloro-2′,6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)acetanilide], metolachlor [2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide], CDAA (N–N-diallyl-2-chloroacetamide), and propachlor (2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide) were tested for inhibition of [3H]-leucine incorporation into protein. Incorporation of3H-leucine into trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-insoluble protein was inhibited in oat (Avena sativaL. ‘Victory’) seedlings grown in sand culture and treated 12 h at 1 × 10−4M with these chloracetamides. The herbicides were also tested in a cell-free protein synthesizing system containing polyribosomes purified from oat root cytoplasm. These herbicides had no effect on the rates of polypeptide elongation nor on the synthesis of specific polypeptides when herbicides (1 × 10−4M) were added directly to the system. Polypeptide formation was inhibited 89% when 1 × 10−4M cycloheximide was added during translation. Cytoplasmic polyribosomes were isolated from oat roots treated 12 h with 1 × 10−4M herbicide. Translation rates and products were not altered when these polyribosomes were added to the in vitro system. Protein synthesis is inhibited when tested in an in vivo system; however, the inhibition does not occur during the translation of mRNA into protein.

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“…Protein synthesis has been reported to be necessary for cell division (21,41,51). Presumably at least part of this relationship stems from the fact that specific cell division proteins must be synthesized according to a genetically determined program for a cell to progress through its division cycle (14,15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyribosome Formation in Relation to Cytokinin-induced Cell Division in Suspension Cultures of Glycine max [L.] Merr.

Fosket¹,

Volk²,

Goldsmith³

1977

Plant Physiol.

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We have investigated the relationship between cell proliferation and protein synthetic capacity in a cytokinin-requiring strain of cultured soybean ceUls (Glycine max IL.] Menf. cv. Sodffuri, of cotyledonary origin) in suspension culture. When transferred to a defined medium lacking cytokinin, very little cell division or cell enlrgement took place over the course of a 6-day culture period. Cells transferred to medium of the same composition, but containing 0.5 jM zeatin, exhibited rapid initial growth, with maimum mitotic activity occurring after 24 hours in culture, and a doubling of the cell population within the first 36 hours of the culture period. The polyribosomal RNA content of the cells decreased over the course of the first 24 hours of the growth cycle while the polyribosome to monoribosome (P/M) ratio increased. The increase in the P/M ratio was greater in the cytokinin-treated cels. This apparent relationship between cytokinin-induced ceUl proliferation and polyribosome formation was examined further. Polyribosome formation was stimulated when zeatin was added directly to cel populations which had been cultured for 24 hours in medium lacking a cytokinin. Transfer to fresh medium alone also stimulated polyribosome formation, whether this medium contained a cytokinin or not. The magnitude of transferinduced polyribosome formation depended upon the initial cell density (number of cells/mi of medium). Regardiess of the initial cell density and independent of the P/M ratios attained, the cytokinin-treated cell populations divided while the cytokinin-deprived cell populations did not. In vivo labeling with [uSImethionine and slab gel electrophoretic separation of sodium dodecyl sulfate derivatives of the labeled polypeptides demonstrated qualitative changes in the spectrum of proteins synthesized by the cytokinin-treated cells. These qualitative changes were independent of the cell density (and hence, independent of the P/ M ratio) but they preceded cytokinin-induced ceUl division.

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The Effect of Cycloheximide on Cell Division in Partially Synchronized Plant Cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Cytogenetic Effects of Peganum harmala Extract on Maize Root Tips.

Cytogenetic Effects of Peganum harmala Extract on Maize Root Tips.

Use of an in Vitro Protein Synthesizing System to Test the Mode of Action of Chloracetamides

Polyribosome Formation in Relation to Cytokinin-induced Cell Division in Suspension Cultures of Glycine max [L.] Merr.

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