The effect of cutting frequency and applied nitrogen on production and digestibility of perennial ryegrass

Chestnutt, D. M. B.; Murdoch, J. C.; Harrington, Francis Joseph; Binnie, R. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1977.tb01431.x

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…In addition to examining the effect of housing at night on cow performance on a daily basis, the effect of treatment on the overall output of the farm must be considered. For example, infrequent harvesting of herbage for silage may result in higher total herbage yields (Chestnutt et al. , 1977) compared to the frequent harvesting intervals which exist under grazing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of offering silage during housing at night on the performance of grazing dairy cows and on labour requirements

Ferris

Binnie

Frost

et al. 2008

Grass and Forage Science

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In the UK, dairy cows are increasingly housed at night throughout the grazing season. However, there is limited information on cow performance and the impact on labour requirements when a forage supplement is offered during housing at night throughout the entire grazing season. The effects of housing at night were studied in two experiments, in which two treatments were compared. On treatment part-grazing (PG), dairy cows were given access to grazing by day and were offered grass silage while housed at night, and, on treatment continuous grazing (CG), dairy cows were given access to grazing both by day and by night. Experiments 1 (138-d duration) and 2 (127-d duration) involved sixty (primiparous) and seventy-six (primiparous and multiparous) Holstein-Friesian dairy cows respectively. Concentrates were offered during milking at 4AE0 and 3AE0 kg per cow per day in Experiments 1 and 2 respectively. In Experiment 1, total milk output was significantly higher with treatment PG than treatment CG (P < 0AE01) while the reverse occurred in Experiment 2 (P < 0AE001). Milk protein concentration was significantly higher with treatment CG in Experiments 1 and 2 (P < 0AE001). Cows on treatment CG in Experiment 2 had significantly higher body condition scores and live weights at the end of experiment than those on treatment PG (P < 0AE05). Weekly labour requirements were calculated to be proportionally 0AE04 lower on treatment PG than on treatment CG. When offered silage during housing at night, the response of grazing dairy cows was largely determined by the grazing conditions encountered and the quality of the forage offered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of offering silage during housing at night on the performance of grazing dairy cows and on labour requirements

Ferris

Binnie

Frost

et al. 2008

Grass and Forage Science

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“…In this experiment, shorter grazing rotations were adopted during May and June (treatment AR), as the expected reduction in growth rate of grass herbage from a reduction in defoliation interval (Chestnutt et al. , 1977; Parsons and Penning, 1988; Binnie et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively the regrowth interval between grazing events may be varied to control herbage growth. Although in cut plots annual production of herbage is reduced when defoliation intervals are shortened (Chestnutt et al. , 1977; Parsons and Penning, 1988; Binnie et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of altering the grazing interval on growth and utilization of grass herbage and performance of dairy cows under rotational grazing

Dale

Mayne

Laidlaw

et al. 2008

Grass and Forage Science

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The effects of short grazing intervals in the early part of the grazing season on the growth and utilization of grass herbage, and the performance of grazing dairy cows, in a rotational grazing system were examined. Seventy-six cows were allocated to two grazing treatments: a normal rotation treatment (20-d rotations for the first 60 d) and a short rotation treatment (12-, 8-, 8-, 8-, 12-and 12-day rotations). Thereafter, both treatments had the same grazing interval and over the season as a whole both treatments received the same amount of nitrogen fertilizer and were stocked at the same rate. The short rotation treatment significantly reduced pre-and post-grazing sward heights and pre-

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“…The feed quality of grass for grazing ruminants can be easily manipulated by increasing the leaf proportion through grazing management (Wilkins, 2002). Additionally, DM yields and sward quality can be increased through means of fertilizer application (Chestnutt et al, 2006), resulting in an abundant feedstuff. The IPCC (1997) has estimated that an average grazing beef animal in Western Europe produces 48 kg of CH 4 annually when fed a predominantly forage-based diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sward dry matter digestibility on methane production, ruminal fermentation, and microbial populations of zero-grazed beef cattle

Hart

Martin

Foley

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

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Increasing the digestibility of pasture for grazing ruminants has been proposed as a low-cost practical means of reducing ruminant CH(4) emissions. At high feed intake levels, the proportion of energy lost as CH(4) decreases as the digestibility of the diet increases. Therefore, improving forage digestibility may improve productivity as DM and energy intake are increased. A zero-grazing experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sward DM digestibility (DMD) on DMI, CH(4) emissions, and indices of rumen fermentation of beef animals. Twelve Charolais-cross heifers were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments, with 6 heifers per dietary treatment. Additionally, 4 cannulated Aberdeen Angus-cross steers were randomly allocated to each of these 2 treatments in a crossover design. Dietary treatments consisted of swards managed to produce (i) high digestibility pasture (high DMD) or (ii) pasture with less digestibility (low DMD), both offered for ad libitum intake. All animals were zero-grazed and offered freshly cut herbage twice daily. In vitro DMD values for the high and low DMD swards were 816 and 706 g/kg of DM. Heifers offered the high DMD grass had greater (P < 0.001) daily DMI of 7.66 kg compared with 5.38 kg for those offered the low DMD grass. Heifers offered the high DMD grass had greater (P = 0.003) daily CH(4) production (193 g of CH(4)/d) than those offered the low DMD grass (138 g of CH(4)/d). However, when corrected for DMI, digestible DMI, or ingested gross energy, there was no difference (P > 0.05) in CH(4) production between dietary treatments. For cannulated steers, intake tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for the high DMD grass (5.56 vs. 4.27 kg of DM/d), but rumen protozoa (4.95 x 10(4)/mL; P = 0.62); rumen ammonia (34 mg of N/L; P = 0.24); rumen total VFA (103 mM; P = 0.58), and rumen pH (6.8; P = 0.43) did not differ between treatments. There was no difference in total bacteria numbers, relative expression of the mcrA gene, and numbers of cycles to threshold for fungi when determined using quantitative PCR between dietary treatments with mean values of 73.0 ng/microL, 0.958, and 21.75 C(T), respectively. Results of this study demonstrate that there was no difference in CH(4) production when corrected for intake or rumen fermentation variables of beef cattle offered a high or low digestibility sward.

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The effect of cutting frequency and applied nitrogen on production and digestibility of perennial ryegrass

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of offering silage during housing at night on the performance of grazing dairy cows and on labour requirements

Effect of offering silage during housing at night on the performance of grazing dairy cows and on labour requirements

Effect of altering the grazing interval on growth and utilization of grass herbage and performance of dairy cows under rotational grazing

Effect of sward dry matter digestibility on methane production, ruminal fermentation, and microbial populations of zero-grazed beef cattle

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