The effect of CoSn/CoSn2 phase ratio on the electrochemical behaviour of Sn40Co40C20 ternary alloy electrodes in lithium cells

Hassoun, Jusef; Ochal, Piotr; Panero, S.; Mulas, G.; Minella, Christian Bonatto; Scrosati, B.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.01.059

Cited by 63 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The materials initially achieved a reversible capacity of 450 mA h g -1 with a capacity lower than 300 mA h g -1 at cycle 100. Another study by Hassoun et al [45] showed a reversible capacity of 400 mA h g -1 for Sn 0.40 Co 0.40 C 0.20 prepared by HEBM for 54 h. The XRD pattern showed broad Bragg peaks of CoSn and, therefore, was again not a pattern indicative of a highly nanostructured material.…”

Section: Preparation Of Sn-co-c By Mechanical Millingmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A ternary diagram showing the compositions of Sn-Co-C covered in the literature for which electrochemical data and composition was included in the publication. Data are from the following References: [44],~ [45], [47] Figure 14(a). The left hump, near 321, arises from the Sn-Sn nearest neighbours, while the right hump, near 431, arises from the Sn-Co and Co-Co nearest neighbours [53].…”

Section: Preparation Of Sn-co-c By Mechanical Millingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Todd

Ferguson

Fleischauer

et al. 2010

Int. J. Energy Res.

141

106

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SUMMARYGraphite has been used as the negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries for more than a decade. To attain higher energy density batteries, silicon and tin, which can alloy reversibly with lithium, have been considered as a replacement for graphite. However, the volume expansion of these metal elements upon lithiation can result in poor capacity retention. Alloying the active metal element with an inactive material can limit the overall volume expansion and improve cycle life. This paper presents a summary of tin-based materials as negative electrodes. After reviewing attempts to improve and understand the electrochemical behaviour of metallic tin and its oxides, the focus turns to alloys of tin with a transition metal (TM) and, optionally, carbon. To do so, a combinatorial sputtering technique was used to simultaneously prepare many different compositions of Sn-TM-based materials. The structural and electrochemical results of these samples are presented and they show that cobalt is the preferred TM to give optimal performance. Finally, a comparison of a Sn-Co-C negative electrode material prepared by a rapid quenching method (sputtering) with a material prepared by an economical milling method (mechanical attrition) is presented and discussed.

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Section: Preparation Of Sn-co-c By Mechanical Millingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Preparation Of Sn-co-c By Mechanical Millingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Todd

Ferguson

Fleischauer

et al. 2010

Int. J. Energy Res.

141

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sn-Co-C alloys, namely to systems similar to those recently reported in a commercial battery [12]. We have carried out a detailed study of this Sn-Co-C ternary alloy with the aim of clarifying its electrochemical process in lithium cells [13][14][15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Alloy Electrode Configurations For Advanced Lithium‐Ion Batteries

2009

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We show that the proper use of lithium-metal (Li-M) alloys as electrodes in lithium cells requires formulations capable of maintaining their integrity upon cycling. A very effective one is based on the dispersion of nanosized metal particles within a carbon matrix in order to form M-C composites. The validity of this strategy has been demonstrated in the cases where M is Sn and Sb, respectively. Tests in lithium cells demonstrate that the Sn-C composite electrodes have a specific capacity much higher than that of commercial graphite, i.e. 500 mAhg(-1) versus 370 mAhg(-1), and that this high value is kept unchanged for several hundreds of cycles. The Sb-C composite electrode has an intrinsic capacity lower than that of the Sn-C one; however, also in this case, the capacity delivery remains stable for many cycles, thus confirming the unique role of the carbon matrix in stabilising the electrode structure. The investigation of the Li-M alloy electrodes has been extended to Sn-Co-C ternary systems which supposedly are similar to that used as anode in a recently released commercial battery. Also, these electrodes show favourable cycling characteristics, although some questions still remain on the capacity retention upon prolonged, cycling

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“…[136] Since then, numerous studies have been conducted to reveal the functions of anode components and the battery performances. [137][138][139] It was revealed that all the consisting components have their own functionalities. [140] Tin is the main active component to store lithium, and cobalt provides an nanocrystalline/amorphous environment with Sn and buffers the volume expansion, while carbon offers a stable matrix to separate CoSn grains.…”

Section: Alloy/intermetallic Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

Wang

Zhang

Lee

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

189

107

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density. Therefore, developing highcapacity anode and cathode materials or new battery systems have drawn extensive attentions. [6,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Metal anodes, especially those with high-capacity and low-cost are promising alternative anode materials for LIBs in replace of graphite anode. [29][30][31][32][33][34] Generally, the metal anodes electrochemically alloy/ de-alloy with Li + to complete the battery reaction, which can store more energy than the intercalation/deintercalation mechanism in graphite. Table 1 displays the electrochemical properties of typical metallic anodes (Al, Sn, Zn, Mg, Sb, and Bi) with Li and graphite for comparison. While the graphite anodes suffer from low capacity (372 mA h g −1 ) and Li anodes suffer from severe safety issues caused by lithium dendrites, these metal anodes have many advantages in terms of high theoretical capacities, moderate operation potential for less dendrites formation, high abundance and low cost. [35] For example, aluminum has high theoretical capacity (993 mA h g −1 or 1411 mA h cm −3 for LiAl) with moderate potential plateau (≈0.38 V vs Li + /Li). [35,36] Considering both of the capacity increase and voltage drop by using metal anodes in a LIB model, Obrovac et al. calculated the volumetric energy increase in comparison to graphite based commercial battery (Table 1). [37] In such a model, the volumetric energy densities could be increased by different extents ranging from 10-42% when metal anodes were used. It is worth noticing that some recent studies have raised the idea of directly using metal foil as active anode material and simultaneously current collector. [38,39] This strategy can eliminate the usage of binder and conductive carbon black for anode preparation, simplify the battery processing steps, and also increase the loading amount of active materials, thus further enhancing the energy density and reducing the battery prices.While the metal anodes show good potential for application in high-performance LIBs, the main challenge for these metallic anodes is their large volume change caused by lithiation/delithiation process during cycling. [37,40,41] As the lithiation proceeds more deeply, the volume change becomes more severely for alloying anodes. For instance, the volume change of Sn (260%, Li 4.4 Sn) is larger than Al (97%, LiAl). The huge volume change could cause crack and pulverization of metal anodes, resulting in quick capacity decay and short cycling life. [42][43][44][45][46] Besides, metallic anode materials usually exhibited high first-cycle capacity loss due to their high reactivity withThe ever-growing market of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has significantly stimulated research interests on new-generation rechargeable battery systems with high energy density, satisfying safety and low cost. With unique potentials to achieve high energy density and low cost, rechargeable batteries based on metal anodes are capable of storing more energy via an alloying/de-alloying process, in comparison to tradi...

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The effect of CoSn/CoSn2 phase ratio on the electrochemical behaviour of Sn40Co40C20 ternary alloy electrodes in lithium cells

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Tin-based materials as negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries: Combinatorial approaches and mechanical methods

Metal Alloy Electrode Configurations For Advanced Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Low‐Cost Metallic Anode Materials for High Performance Rechargeable Batteries

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