The effect of correlation on uncertainty estimates – with GPS examples

Abstract

This article deals with the effect of correlation on the estimates of measurement uncertainty, with some focus on Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) time series analysis. Analytical derivations and Monte Carlo simulations form the theoretical basis, which shows that uncompensated correlation produces unrealistic uncertainty estimates. Tools for handling correlation in connection with estimation of uncertainty, construction of confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, design of measurement strategies, and development of tolerances are outlined and demonstrated. The GPS observation time series used in the article has a short to medium range correlation, and can therefore be handled with the presented tools -based on a simple Location-model and stationary stochastic processes.

The Study of Kinematic GNSS Surveying for Bim Georeferencing

“…The use of GNSS systems in urban environments is limited, since in a densely populated city with a developed infrastructure, where a large percentage of high-rise buildings, geometry errors occur that ultimately affect the measurement accuracy (Kubo N. and Dihan C., 2014;L.-T. Hsu, 2018) The main objective of the work was to analyze the accuracy assessment of GNSS systems. Since one of the most important requirements for the production of high-precision geodetic work using GPS equipment is good radio visibility at all designated points, which is provided by the following factors: low PDOP, high signal-to-noise ratio, radio signal quality and no loss of whole cycles upon admission radio signal, you need to consider these factors in advance (Jansson, P.;Persson, C.G., 2013.;Li, B.;etal., 2008). This paper we conducted three series of experiments by complex research of GNSS accuracy for mobile kinematic and kinematic bucket test in order to determine the influence of various site on the accuracy of the determination of coordinates using GPS receivers.…”

Strategies of GNSS processing and measuring under various operational conditions

“…For the last decades, many publications have been dedicated to the study on GNSS accuracy in diff erent modes. Such studies can be classifi ed into the following groups, just to name a few of the recent: research into the eff ect of the satellites geometry and receiver location [9][10][11]; research into multipath infl uence [12][13][14], whereas, the comprehend state-of-the-art review of the multipath problem one may fi nd in [2] (Braasch, M. S., 2017); determination of foliage attenuation and its infl uence on signal degradation; study of multi-constellation solutions for static [15,16], multi-frequency solutions studies [17]; and many studies concerning diff erent receivers [18,19]. Numerous studies have investigated the problem of processing strategy.…”