The Effect of Corrected Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction on Fmd Levels in Patients with Selected Chronic Diseases: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Abstract

While the pathophysiology of chronic disorders varies there are three basic mechanisms-inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction-that are common in many chronic diseases. However, the failure of these mechanisms to work synchronously can lead to morbidity complicating the course of many chronic diseases. We analyzed data of 178 patients from cohorts with selected chronic diseases in this quasi-experimental study. Endothelial dysfunction was determined by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels. Serum ADMA, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum PTX3, malondialdehyde (MDA), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels and FMD were studied in baseline and after 12 weeks of Morinda citrifolia (anti-atherosclerotic liquid-AAL), omega-3 (anti-inflammatory capsules-AIC) and extract with Alaskan blueberry (anti-oxidant liquid-AOL). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of FMD with clinical and serologic parameters. Serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3, hsCRP and albumin levels, and proteinuria were significantly decreased while CuZn-SOD, GSH-Px and FMD levels were significantly increased following AAL, AIC and AOL therapies. The FMD was negatively correlated with serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3, and hsCRP levels and positively correlated with CuZn-SOD and eGFR levels. ADMA and PTX3 levels were independently related to FMD both before and after AAL, AIC and AOL therapies. Our study shows that serum ADMA, MDA, PTX3 levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with selected chronic diseases. In addition, short-term AAL, AIC and AOL therapies significantly improves a number of parameters in our cohort and can normalize ADMA, PTX3, hsCRP and MDA levels. Chronic diseases are the leading causes of death in developed countries, with atherosclerosis and its complications at the top of the list. The commonest chronic diseases-cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity and Alzheimer's Disease-cannot be prevented by disease or cured by medication, are more common in older patients

Cardiovascular disease risk assessment in patients with familial Mediterranean fever related renal amyloidosis

“…Elevated inflammatory response and increased proteinuria are considered among the important causes of this increased risk 12 . Our previous studies also revealed that vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are the main contributors for CVD events in this patient populations 7 , 13 – 15 .…”

Can Serum Endocan Levels be Used as an Early Prognostic Marker for Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19?

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Various imaging methods and biochemical biomarkers, including serum endocan, are used to detect endothelial dysfunction. 26 Serum endocan levels have been reported to increase in diseases with endothelial dysfunction. [6][7][8][9] Morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 infection can be explained by the destruction of the endothelial tissue, thromboinflammation, and emboli that develop after thromboinflammation.…”

“… 14 - 25 Various imaging methods and biochemical biomarkers, including serum endocan, are used to detect endothelial dysfunction. 26 Serum endocan levels have been reported to increase in diseases with endothelial dysfunction. 6 - 9 …”

Genetics of Host Protection against Helicobacter pylori Infections

“…Upregulation of TORC1 , high levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction characterize Hp infection [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. The same traits also characterize type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity (OB), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. These results stimulated further work to determine whether Hp has a role in these diseases [ 14 ].…”