The effect of copper source on the stability and activity of α-tocopherol acetate, butylated hydroxytoulene and phytase

Abstract

The supplementation of Copper (Cu) is essential for the optimum performance of physiological functions, including growth performance and immune function. Cu is usually formulated into animal premixes in the form of inorganic salts, such as sulphates, or organic minerals. Organic minerals are mineral salts that are either complexed or chelated to organic ligands such as proteins, amino acids, and polysaccharides. Cu is often formulated into premixes alongside other essential components such as vitamins, enzymes and synthetic antioxidants, all of which are susceptible to negative interactions with Cu which can detrimentally effect both their stability and activity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of five different commercially available Cu sources in relation to their effect on the stability of α-tocopherol acetate and on the activity of Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) and three commercially available phytases in vitro. The results determined that Cu source played a significant role in relation to limiting the interactions between Cu and each of the other components in vitro. There were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05), not only, between the inorganic and organic Cu sources but also between some of the individual organic Cu sources in relation to their effect on α-tocopherol acetate, BHT and phytase.

Fecal microbiome shifts by different forms of copper supplementations in growing pigs

“…In order to reduce the usage of CuSO 4 , it is recommened to use the alternatives, which is known as organic copper. According to Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), organic minerals(copper) showed better absorbability, reduced excretion out of the body, stability in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and reduced toxicity compared to inorganic minerals such as CuSO 4 [ 21 ]. Due to the high cost of organic copper compared to CuSO 4 , further studies are necessary to minimize use of copper in swine diets and prevent copper pollution in the environment.…”

Stalboek Melkvee 2024 : Handboek voor natuurlijke diergezondheidzorg met kruiden en andere natuurproducten

“…Uit onderzoek bleek dat bij producten van het eiwittype de hydrolyseprocedure die werd gebruikt om de chelaatvormende peptiden te genereren een significante invloed had op de pH-stabiliteit van het eiwit, een belangrijke bepalende factor voor de prestaties van het product bij het dier (Byrne et al, 2021). Onderzoek naar verschillende koperbronnen (Concarr et al, 2021) liet zien dat de bron van Cu geformuleerd in een premix een significante (p ≤ 0,05) invloed kan hebben op de stabiliteit en het niveau waarop de Cu beschikbaar is om te interageren met andere aanwezige premixcomponenten, in het bijzonder vitamines, enzymen en synthetische antioxidanten. verbeterde SCC en een verbeterd immuunsysteem gaf, wat resulteerde in een positief effect op de melkproductie (Cope et al, 2009;Kinal et al, 2007).…”