“…The good mechanical properties [1,7,8] combined with low costs make DP steels attractive as structural design materials. A number of works have addressed the optimization of the thermomechanical heat treatment [3,[9][10][11] and the resulting microstructures [7,[12][13][14] and properties [12,[15][16][17][18] of these steels. For instance, Calcagnotto et al used different heat treatments to lower the grain size of ferrite, since this improves the toughness of the DP-steel and the capability to absorb impact energy [13].…”