The effect of concentration ratio and type of functional group on synthesis of CNT–ZnO hybrid nanomaterial by an in situ sol–gel process

Abstract

In this research, MWCNT-ZnO hybrid nanomaterials were synthesized by a simple sol-gel process using Zn(CH 3 COO) 2 Á2H 2 O and functionalized MWCNT with carboxyl(COOH) and hydroxyl(OH) groups. Three different mass ratios of MWCNT:ZnO = 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 were examined. The prepared nanomaterials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Successful growth of MWCNT-ZnO hybrids for both COOH and OH functional groups and all the three mass ratios were obtained. The ZnO nanoparticles attached on the surfaces of CNTs have rather spherical shapes and hexagonal crystal structure. By increasing the concentration of ZnO, the number and average size of ZnO nanoparticles decorated the body of CNTs in hybrid structures increase. By increasing the ZnO precursor, the distribution of ZnO nanoparticles that appeared on the surface of CNTs becomes more uniform. The SEM observation beside EDX analysis revealed that at the same concentration ratio the amount of ZnO loading on the surface of MWCNT-COOH is more than MWCNT-OH. Moreover, the average size of ZnO nanoparticles attached on the surface of COOH functionalized CNTs is relatively smaller than that of OH functionalized ones.

Fabrication of asymmetric zinc oxide/carbon nanotubes coated polysulfone photocatalytic nanocomposite membrane for fouling mitigation

“…However, a relatively weak characteristic peak at diffraction angle 2 θ = 26.04° was observed in ZnO/CNTs photocatalyst's XRD patterns. This can be accredited to the low crystallinity and low diffraction of CNTs shrouded by highly crystalline ZnO 41 …”

“…The presence of oxygenated functional group renders a negatively charged surface of CNTs. During the synthesis, the electropositive Zn 2+ have high coordinative affinity towards electronegative oxygen atom from the oxygen‐containing groups in CNTs 41,45,50 . The electrostatic interaction leads to a proficient adsorption of Zn 2+ on CNTs and forms Zn‐O‐C bonding.…”

“…This can be accredited to the low crystallinity and low diffraction of CNTs shrouded by highly crystalline ZnO. 41 The average crystallite size of ZnO nanoparticles is estimated using Scherrer's formula 42 :…”

“…During the synthesis, the electropositive Zn 2+ have high coordinative affinity towards electronegative oxygen atom from the oxygen-containing groups in CNTs. 41,45,50 The electrostatic interaction leads to a proficient adsorption of Zn 2+ on CNTs and forms Zn-O-C bonding. This allows the CNTs becomes an ideal substrate for nucleation of ZnO nanodomain crystallite followed by crystal growth.…”

Top‐spray fluidization coating of paddy rice with zinc oxide nanoparticles to reduce infection fromAspergillussp

“…An increase in the atomized pressure is an increase in atomization; it makes the droplet particles of the solution smaller, and thus, enables them to better attach to the surface of the paddy rice (Palamanit et al, 2016). The dilute ZnO NPs solution lessens the intensity of the crystalline structure and only the high intensity of the main peaks can be detected (Largani & Pasha, 2017).…”