The effect of concentration of suspension and inert material on the assimilation of algae by three bivalves

Foster-Smith, R.L.

doi:10.1017/s0025315400016027

Cited by 80 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…17, No. 7, 2006 nanozooplankton; 47,48 while the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae is more selective in respect to the size and quality of particles ingested (2 μm to 10 μm), and prefers to feed on phytoplankton. 48 Ruelas-Inzunza and Páes-Ozuna 49 compared the bioavailability of trace metals using different filter-feeder molluscs (mussels, oysters) from a subtropical coastal lagoon and concluded that there was different accumulation patterns for the biological groups and elements studied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and methyl mercury in different species of molluscs from two estuaries in Rio de Janeiro State

Kehrig¹,

Costa²,

Moreira³

et al. 2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Mercúrio total e metilmercúrio foram avaliados em três espécies de moluscos (Perna pernamexilhão, Crassostrea rhizophorae -ostra, Anomalocardia brasiliana -vôngole) provenientes de dois estuários no estado do Rio de Janeiro, impactados por matéria orgânica e metais pesados. O mexilhão foi a espécie que apresentou melhor capacidade para acumular o mercúrio dentre as espécies de molusco estudadas. Foi observada uma diferença significante nas concentrações de mercúrio entre os organismos de mexilhão, fêmeas e machos (81 ± 1 μg kg -1 e 70 ± 5 μg kg -1 em peso seco respectivamente), com comprimento de concha semelhante. Entretanto, não foi observada diferença significante na percentagem de metilmercúrio entre fêmeas (64%) e machos (63%) de mexilhão. Apesar de possuírem o hábito alimentar semelhante, o mexilhão apresentou concentrações de mercúrio total e metilmercúrio superiores (76 ± 7 μg kg -1 e 48 ± 5 μg kg -1 peso seco) às da ostra (19 ± 4 μg kg -1 e 6 ± 1 μg kg -1 peso seco). Este fato pode estar relacionado com diferenças na capacidade em selecionar o tamanho de partículas e os alimentos ingeridos; também, estar refletindo a maior habilidade do mexilhão em concentrar e excretar o metilmercúrio dos seus tecidos, bem como refletindo as condições ambientais.The paper assesses methyl and total mercury concentrations in three mollusc species (Perna perna -common mussel, Crassostrea rhizophorae -mangrove oyster, Anomalocardia brasiliana -clam) from two estuaries in Rio de Janeiro State, both impacted by organic matter and heavy metals. Mussels showed higher capacity to accumulate mercury compared to the other mollusc species (oyster, clam). A significant difference was observed between mercury concentration in the female mussel organisms and in males (81 ± 1 μg kg -1 dry wt. and 70 ± 5 μg kg -1 dry wt. respectively) with similar total shell length. No significant difference was observed among the % MeHg in the female (64%) and male (63%) mussel organisms. Even though the feeding habits of the molluscs are similar; mussels presented higher mercury and methylmercury concentrations in their soft tissues (76 ± 7 μg kg -1 dry wt. and 48 ± 5 μg kg -1 dry wt.) than oysters (19 ± 4 μg kg -1 dry wt. and 6 ± 1 μg kg -1 dry wt.). This is possible related to their capacity to select particle size and the composition of the ingested food they assimilate, and also reflects the greater ability of mussels to concentrate and excrete methylmercury and also to reflect their environmental conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total and methyl mercury in different species of molluscs from two estuaries in Rio de Janeiro State

Kehrig¹,

Costa²,

Moreira³

et al. 2006

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Foster-Smith 1975;Winter 1976;Widdows et al 1979;Riisg&rd and Mshlenberg 1979;Bayne et al 1989). Nor can it explain seasonal variability in temperature-specific pumping rates (e.g.…”

Section: Dimmionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal digestive investment: A model for filter feeders experiencing variable diets

Willows

1992

Limnol. Oceanogr.

118

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A functional model of feeding behavior and physiology of suspension-feeding bivalves assumes that the net rate of energy gain from the available diet is maximized. Unlike previous models, a term is included for the rate of energy investment in digestive processes, such as the production of digestive enzymes and intracellular digestive products. In the model the digestive investment is applied within an absorption efficiency-gut residence time relationship. The choice of this relationship is based partly on two important assumptions. They are that the rate of digestion and absorption of the food should increase with the amount of digestive investment and that resorption of the digestive investment should depend on gut residence time. The choice of relationship has also been based on extensive empirical evidence of net enrichment of feces with endogenous metabolic products when gut residence times are short. The model suggests that the net rate of energy gain can be maximized through an optimal combination of gut residence time, digestive investment, and dietary selection coefficients. Analysis of the model with respect to variation in dietary quality and quantity suggests that feeding rate is constrained by the energetic costs of processing the food when food availability is low. When food is abundant, the rate of feeding is limited by constraints imposed by digestibility of the food and limitations on the rate of absorption of energy within the gut. The effect of a variable rate of digestive investment is to provide greater flexibility within the feeding system, particularly at the upper and lower extremes offood abundance. When particle concentrations and qualitities are such that behavioral dietary selection, coupled with increased rates of filtration, can be utilized to improve net energy gain, metabolic digestive investment is predicted to remain relatively constant. Relationships predicted by the model are in good agreement with empirical data.Here I develop an optimal feeding model for a suspension-feeding bivalve. Unlike previous models, a term is included which represents the amount of metabolic investment in the digestion process. The model is based on comprehensive data gained from the study of Mytiius edulis L., particularly on the digestive process (Hawkins et al. 1986), and evidence of metabolic fecal loss (Hawkins and Bayne 1985;Hawkins et al. 1990). Metabolic fecal loss is the net enrichment of the feces with metabolic products as revealed by short-term experiments on diets of poor quality. It is believed to reflect the investment in the digestive process (Bayne et al. 1988). Additionally, in AcknowledgmentsThis research was supported by contracts EI-4140RX and MDE-4140RX from the Water Research Centre to the U.K. Natural Environment Research Council.The work would not have been possible but for the previous research, and the encouragement, of B. L. Bayne. John Widdows and John R. W. Harris also provided criticism of the model and manuscript. I am grateful to an anonymous referee whose com...

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“…Water sampled at any one instant in the field may not reflect that which had been filtered by the mussel during the hour prior to removal from the bed. Furthermore, Foster-Smith (1975) has shown that some retention of ingested material may occur in Mytilus edulis and that this may be mixed with material ingested later and subsequently defaecated. Although the passage of algal cells through the gut of Choromytilus meridionalis may take place within 1 h, sand particles may be egested up to 12 h after removal of mussels from the natural habitat.…”

Section: Assimilation Of Natural Detritusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Food Availability and Assimilation in the Bivalve Choromytilus meridionalis

Griffith¹

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Samples of seawater overlying a bed of the mussel Chorornytilus meridionalis (Kr.) at Bailey's Cottage, False Bay, South Africa, were analysed for organic and inorganic content in the particle-size ranges 2-100 pm and 100-200 pm diameter. Organic matter comprised 10-30 % of total sample weight, the remainder being predominantly sand. Changes in weight of particulate matter in samples taken throughout the year showed no clear seasonal pattern. Particulate organic material considered available as food to the nlussels averaged 2.65 mg I-'. Particulate inorganic matter averaged twice this amount. The energy value of the organic material averaged 6.1 kJ g-l. Phytoplankton was present in 34 % of the samples and is not cons~dered an important constituent in the mussels' diet. The assimilation efficiency of mussels feeding on natural detritus averaged 40 % over the ration levels 3-18 mg I-' dry weight of particulate matter. However, assimilation efficiency on pure Dunaliella primolecta culture declined to zero at a ration of 3 mg 1-' while pseudofaeces production was initiated at 6 mg I-'. It was concluded that the presence of particulate inorganic matter may be an important dietary requirement, 'diluting' the food and enabling assimilation to continue at the high ration levels experienced in the field. INTRODUCTIONdata to field conditions, the levels of naturally available food were examined at the study site. The assimiThe employment of algal monocultures has greatly lation efficiencies of mussels feeding on organic facilitated investigation of the feeding processes of detritus in the laboratory and field were then bivalves. Much of this work has centred upon the examined and compared with data obtained with the effects of different ration levels on filtration rates and aid of algal cultures.

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The effect of concentration of suspension and inert material on the assimilation of algae by three bivalves

Cited by 80 publications

References 7 publications

Total and methyl mercury in different species of molluscs from two estuaries in Rio de Janeiro State

Total and methyl mercury in different species of molluscs from two estuaries in Rio de Janeiro State

Optimal digestive investment: A model for filter feeders experiencing variable diets

Natural Food Availability and Assimilation in the Bivalve Choromytilus meridionalis

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