The effect of combined inositol hexakisphosphate and inositol supplement in streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rats

Abstract

Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) and inositol both regulate insulin secretion, but their combined use in the management of diabetes deserves investigation. The combined effects of IP6 and inositol supplementation were investigated in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. The following groups of rats were studied for 8 weeks: non-diabetic control, non-diabetic high-fat diet control, diabetic untreated, diabetic rats treated with the combination of IP6 and inositol (650 mg/kg bw) and diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (10 mg/kg bw). High-fat diet and streptozotocin were used to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sprague-Dawley rats. Body weight, blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, insulin, serum leptin, HOMA-insulin resistance scores, intestinal amylase activity, serum and faecal lipids and food and fluid consumption were measured. Treatment with the combination significantly reduced blood glucose (306 ± 53 mg/dl) and insulin resistance score (1.93 ± 0.45) compared with diabetic controls (522 ± 24 mg/dl and 5.1 ± 0.69 respectively). Serum leptin (2.8 ± 0.6 ng/dl) and faecal triglycerides (108 ± 8 mg/dl) were significantly increased in rats treated with the combination compared with the diabetic control (1.8 ± 0.06 ng/dl and 86 ± 4 mg/dl). Serum triglyceride (47 ± 5.1 mg/dl), total cholesterol (98 ± 3.2 mg/dl) and food intake (26 ± 0.3 g) were significantly reduced by 45%, 25% and 25%, respectively, in rats treated with the combination compared with the diabetic control. Inositol and IP6 combined supplementation may be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and related metabolic disorders by regulating some aspects of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Combined Inositol Hexakisphosphate and Inositol Supplement Consumption Improves Serum Alpha-Amylase Activity and Hematological Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats

“…One week later, the nonfasting blood glucose level was measured, and animals with a blood glucose concentration ≥300 mg/dL were considered diabetic. To confirm type 2 diabetes, an antidiabetic drug response test was carried out (previously described) [15]. The rats were classified as having type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a positive response to glibenclamide treatment.…”

“…Inositol triphosphate is involved in the regulation Ca 2+ mobilization and therefore insulin secretion [13, 14]. Previous studies have shown that combined IP6 and inositol possess antidiabetic, anticancer, antioxidant, and organ protective properties and could provide a natural alternative treatment for diabetes mellitus with few or no side effects [15–19]. Hematological and comparative organ weight analyses are widely used to screen drugs and determine toxicity [20].…”

Phytate Decreases Formation of Advanced Glycation End-Products in Patients with Type II Diabetes: Randomized Crossover Trial

“…This was surprising, and the reasons for this weight gain require further investigation. In diabetic animal models, IP6 supplementation is related to less weight gain and higher levels of leptin 87 . It is possible that withdrawal of IP6 from our patients led to increased caloric intake, together with a decrease in leptin.…”

Role of Inositols and Inositol Phosphates in Energy Metabolism

“…IP6 has been shown to reduce blood glucose and delay carbohydrate digestion and absorption after supplementation in humans [72]. A study in rats found that combination of IP6 and myoIns treatments reduced HOMA-IR when compared with diabetic untreated control rats [73]. IP6 also increased glucose uptake, glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) mRNA, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS-1) mRNA, decreased basal lipolysis, and increased adipocyte differentiation in 3T3L-1 mouse adipocyte [74].…”