The effect of clay on the dissolution of nuclear waste glass

Lemmens, Karel

doi:10.1016/s0022-3115(01)00590-6

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…reedmergnerite to solution leaving a gel layer composed of albite and silica gel residua. In Figure 11 only the SAN60 and SM527 glasses are predicted to return to the forward rate (Stage III dissolution) and both SAN 60 [110] and SM527 [171] have been experimentally shown to do so.…”

Section: (3) Act™: Predicting Ostwald Ripining and The Resumption Of mentioning

confidence: 97%

Durable Glass for Thousands of Years

Jantzen

Brown

Pickett

2010

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

179

156

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The durability of natural glasses on geological time scales and ancient glasses for thousands of years is well documented. The necessity to predict the durability of high level nuclear waste (HLW) glasses on extended time scales has led to various thermodynamic and kinetic approaches. Advances in the measurement of medium range order (MRO) in glasses has led to the understanding that the molecular structure of a glass, and thus the glass composition, controls the glass durability by establishing the distribution of ion exchange sites, hydrolysis sites, and the access of water to those sites. During the early stages of glass dissolution, a "gel" layer resembling a membrane forms through which ions exchange between the glass and the leachant. The hydrated gel layer exhibits acid/base properties which are manifested as the pH dependence of the thickness and nature of the gel layer. The gel layer ages into clay or zeolite minerals by Ostwald ripening. Zeolite mineral assemblages (higher pH and Al 3+ rich glasses) may cause the dissolution rate to increase which is undesirable for long-term performance of glass in the environment. Thermodynamic and structural approaches to the prediction of glass durability are compared versus Ostwald ripening.

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Section: (3) Act™: Predicting Ostwald Ripining and The Resumption Of mentioning

confidence: 97%

Durable Glass for Thousands of Years

Jantzen

Brown

Pickett

2010

Int J of Appl Glass Sci

179

156

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“…In batch experiments, cations exchanges rapidly contribute to a pH increase which leads to the succession of the both mechanisms. It can lead to the formation of a dense gel with protective properties [52][53][54][55][56]. Nevertheless, stability of such a gel is usually strongly affected by the native presence or the secondary formation of clay minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, stability of such a gel is usually strongly affected by the native presence or the secondary formation of clay minerals. Indeed, these phases contribute to a continuous transfer of glass constituents from the gel to the leachate [53,54].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pb-rich and Fe-rich entities during alteration of a partially vitrified metallurgical waste

Seignez

Gauthier

Bulteel

et al. 2007

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…The controls that lead to either a decrease in dissolution rates or continued high dissolution rates in the presence of clays need to be investigated. (Houseworth 2010, Section 2.5;Lemmens 2001) 10. Studies of radionuclide sorption on bentonite for varying conditions, including temperature, pH, Eh, mineral phase (e.g., illitization), and Na/Ca exchange.…”

Section: Knowledge Gapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disposal systems evaluations and tool development : Engineered Barrier System (EBS) evaluation.

Rutqvist¹,

Liu²,

Steefel³

et al. 2011

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Eric Sonnenthal (LBNL) Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Evaluation This page is intentionally left blank Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Evaluation 5 Executive SummaryKey components of the nuclear fuel cycle are short-term storage and long-term disposal of nuclear waste. The latter encompasses the immobilization of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and radioactive waste streams generated by various phases of the nuclear fuel cycle, and the safe and permanent disposition of these waste forms in geological repository environments. The engineered barrier system (EBS) plays a very important role in the long-term isolation of nuclear waste in geological repository environments. EBS concepts and their interactions with the natural barrier are inherently important to the long-term performance assessment of the safety case where nuclear waste disposition needs to be evaluated for time periods of up to one million years. Making the safety case needed in the decision-making process for the recommendation and the eventual embracement of a disposal system concept requires a multi-faceted integration of knowledge and evidence-gathering to demonstrate the required confidence level in a deep geological disposal site and to evaluate longterm repository performance.The focus of this report is the following:• Evaluation of EBS in long-term disposal systems in deep geologic environments with emphasis on the multi-barrier concept;• Evaluation of key parameters in the characterization of EBS performance;• Identification of key knowledge gaps and uncertainties;• Evaluation of tools and modeling approaches for EBS processes and performance.The above topics will be evaluated through the analysis of the following:• Overview of EBS concepts for various NW disposal systems;• Natural and man-made analogs, room chemistry, hydrochemistry of deep subsurface environments, and EBS material stability in near-field environments;• Reactive Transport and Coupled Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) processes in EBS;• Thermal analysis toolkit, metallic barrier degradation mode survey, and development of a Disposal Systems Evaluation Framework (DSEF).This report will focus on the multi-barrier concept of EBS and variants of this type which in essence is the most adopted concept by various repository programs. Empasis is given mainly to the evaluation of EBS materials and processes through the analysis of published studies in the scientific literature of past and existing repository research programs. Tool evaluations are also emphasized, particularly on THCM processes and chemical equilibria. Although being an increasingly important aspect of NW disposition, short-term or interim storage of NW will be briefly discussed but not to the extent of the EBS issues relevant to disposal systems in deep geologic environments. Interim storage will be discussed in the report Evaluation of Storage Concepts FY10 Final Report (Weiner et al. 2010). Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Evaluation 6This page is intentionally left blank Engineered Barrier System (EBS) Eva...

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The effect of clay on the dissolution of nuclear waste glass

Cited by 33 publications

References 12 publications

Durable Glass for Thousands of Years

Durable Glass for Thousands of Years

Effect of Pb-rich and Fe-rich entities during alteration of a partially vitrified metallurgical waste

Disposal systems evaluations and tool development : Engineered Barrier System (EBS) evaluation.

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