The effect of citrate ester plasticizers on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(<scp>DL</scp>‐lactide)

Harte, Imelda; Birkinshaw, C.; Jones, E. Sherwood; Kennedy, James E.; Barra, Eamonn De

doi:10.1002/app.37600

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Generally, an efficient plasticizer has to reduce the glass transition temperature (T g ) and melting point of the plasticized materials [10] . Different types of plasticizers have been investigated to improve the flexible properties of PLA such as poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), citrate esters [11][12][13][14][15] , oligomeric lactic acid [16] and triacetine [14,16] . There are several important considerations when choosing a plasticizer for PLA for biomedical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased additive plasticizing Polylactic acid (PLA)

et al. 2015

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SbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) is an attractive candidate for replacing petrochemical polymers because it is from renewable resources. In this study, a specific PLA 2002D was melt-mixed with two plasticizers: triethyl citrate (TEC) and acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC). The plasticized PLA with various concentrations were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), melt flow index (MFI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy and plasticizer migration test. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that the addition of TEC and ATBC resulted in a decrease in glass transition temperature (T g ), and the reduction was the largest with the plasticizer having the lowest molecular weight (TEC). Plasticizing effect was also shown by decrease in the dynamic storage modulus and viscosity of plasticized mixtures compared to the treated PLA. The TGA results indicated that ATBC and TEC promoted a decrease in thermal stability of the PLA. The X-ray diffraction showed that the PLA have not polymorphic crystalline transition. Analysis by UV-Visible spectroscopy showed that the two plasticizers: ATBC and TEC have no effect on the color change of the films. The weight loss plasticizer with heating time and at 100°C is lesser than at 135 °C. Migration of TEC and ATBC results in cracks and changed color of material. We have concluded that the higher molecular weight of citrate in the studied exhibited a greater plasticizing effect to the PLA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased additive plasticizing Polylactic acid (PLA)

et al. 2015

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“…It was assumed that a ductile PLA could increase the strain at break of TPE because PLA exists as a continuous phase. A simple method for increasing the ductility of PLA is plasticization and there are many known plasticizers of PLA such as tributyl citrate (TBC) [8][9][10][11][12][13], tributyl acetyl citrate (TBAC) [8,9,[13][14][15], triacetin or glycerol triacetate (GTA) [9,11,16] and triethyl acetyl citrate (TEAC) [8,9,17]. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of plasticizers incorporated into PLA on the mechanical and physical properties of the PLA/NR TPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different plasticizers on the properties of bio-based thermoplastic elastomer containing poly(lactic acid) and natural rubber

Tanrattanakul¹,

Bunkaew²

2014

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Bio-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) containing natural rubber and poly(lactic acid) were prepared by melt blending in an internal mixer. The blend ratio was 60% of natural rubber and 40% of poly(lactic acid). Dynamic vulcanization of natural rubber was performed with the sulfur system. The 2 mm -thick sheet samples were prepared by compression molding. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of plasticization of PLA on the mechanical and physical properties of the derived TPE. Four plasticizers were selected: tributyl acetyl citrate (TBAC), tributyl citrate (TBC), glycerol triacetate (GTA), and triethyl-2-acetyl citrate (TEAC). The investigated properties were the tensile properties, tear strength, thermal ageing and ozone resistance, hardness, resilience, tension set and compression set. All plasticizers increased the strain at break. TBAC and TBC increased the stress at break. All plasticizers decreased the tear strength, hardness and resilience, and slightly changed the tension and compression set. TBAC seemed to be the best plasticizer for the TPE. The presence of 4 pph (parts per hundred resin) of plasticizer provided the highest strength and tensile toughness and the strain at break increased with the increasing plasticizer content. The plasticizers decreased the T g and T cc of the PLA and did not affect the degree of crystallinity of PLA in the TPE.

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“…Uncrosslinked butyl rubber exhibits a low ultimate tensile strength ( σ ) of ca 0.09 MPa, a low Young's modulus ( E ) of 0.2–0.5 MPa but a high elongation at break ( ϵ b ) of ca 800% . On the other hand, PCL has σ of ca 4 MPa, E of ca 80 MPa and ϵ b of ca 60% and PDLLA has σ of ca 40 MPa, E of ca 30 MPa and ϵ b of 6–74% . It was proposed that the incorporation of semicrystalline or glassy PCL and PDLLA blocks respectively would increase both the modulus and strength of the rubber.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, properties and degradation of polyisobutylene-polyester graft copolymers

Turowec

Gillies

2016

Polym. Int.

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The development of copolymers is a promising approach for combining the favorable properties of two polymers and obtaining new properties of the combination. In this work, graft copolymers of polyisobutylene (PIB) and polycaprolactone or poly(d,l‐lactide) were synthesized and studied. Amine‐terminated polyesters were synthesized and were grafted onto an activated PIB backbone synthesized from butyl rubber, a copolymer of isobutylene and 2 mol% isoprene. The polyester content was tuned from 15 to 44 wt% by varying the molar mass of the polyester blocks and the number of molar equivalents used in the grafting reaction. The graft copolymers with higher polyester content underwent nanoscale phase separation, as demonstrated by differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscopy imaging. This was found to provide enhanced mechanical properties such as increased tensile strength and Young's modulus relative to the starting rubber or physical blends. Despite the significant polyester content of the graft copolymers and the susceptibility of the polyesters to degradation, the graft copolymers underwent negligible mass loss in 5 mol L−1 NaOH over a period of eight weeks. These results suggest that polyesters can be incorporated into PIB to tune and enhance its properties, while maintaining high chemical stability. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

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The effect of citrate ester plasticizers on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(DL‐lactide)

Cited by 42 publications

References 20 publications

Biobased additive plasticizing Polylactic acid (PLA)

Biobased additive plasticizing Polylactic acid (PLA)

Effect of different plasticizers on the properties of bio-based thermoplastic elastomer containing poly(lactic acid) and natural rubber

Synthesis, properties and degradation of polyisobutylene-polyester graft copolymers

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