The effect of cigarette smoking, tea, and coffee consumption on the progression of Parkinson's disease

Kandinov, Boris; Giladi, Nir; Korczyn, Amos D.

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2006.11.004

Cited by 43 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, in this study design, reverse causation is an obvious concern; no prospective data are available. Case series studies have reported no effect of smoking on disease progression [442,453,454].…”

Section: Suggested Systemic Biases In Studies Of Smoking and Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

et al. 2011

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Section: Suggested Systemic Biases In Studies Of Smoking and Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

et al. 2011

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“…12 The association between smoking and rate of progression of Parkinson's disease is of great interest because of its implications for disease pathogenesis and the potential value of neuroprotective therapies (eg, nicotine-based compounds). 13 The few epidemiological studies that have studied this have not supported an association between smoking and progression of Parkinson's disease, 14,15 but the relationship to time to requiring dopaminergic therapy has never been studied, to our knowledge. Although our DATATOP analysis suggested a beneficial effect of smoking on time to requiring treatment after prolonged follow-up, this was not reproduced in the PRECEPT cohort.…”

Section: T I M E T O R E Q U I R I N G T R E a T M E N T I N P Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of time to requiring dopaminergic treatment in 2 Parkinson's disease cohorts

et al. 2011

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The rate of progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) is highly variable. Knowledge of factors associated with disease milestones and commonly used research outcome measures helps with patient counseling and guides the design and interpretation of clinical studies. The objective of the study was to identify prognostic factors for time to acquiring disability requiring dopaminergic therapy that are reproducible within 2 large prospectively followed cohorts. Potential prognostic factors were identified using data from the Deprenyl and Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy of Parkinsonism (DATATOP) trial, and their reproducibility was examined using data from the Parkinson Research Examination of CEP-1347 trial (PRECEPT). In multivariable analyses of the DATATOP cohort, higher baseline Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores, full-time employment, a lesser smoking history, and onset on the left side were associated with a shorter time to disability requiring dopaminergic therapy. PRECEPT data confirmed the associations of higher baseline UPDRS scores and full-time employment with shorter time to requiring treatment. Any clinical trial using the end point of time to disability requiring dopaminergic therapy should ensure that groups are well balanced with respect to baseline UPDRS scores and the proportion of subjects employed full time and should consider including these variables as covariates in the statistical model for primary analysis of treatment effects. We suspect that individuals employed full time may have a lower threshold for requiring dopaminergic therapy because of occupational demands.

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“…There are also conflicting findings in the few available data about the putative association of caffeine and the rate of progression of PD or the age of motor symptoms onset. Recent studies failed to identify any consistent relation either with the rate of progression [24,25] or the age of motor symptoms onset [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Exposure and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studiess

Costa

Lunet

Santos

et al. 2010

JAD

214

128

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Abstract. Several studies conducted worldwide report an inverse association between caffeine/coffee consumption and the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). However, heterogeneity and conflicting results between studies preclude a correct estimation of the strength of this association. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies to better estimate the effect of caffeine exposure on the incidence of PD. Data sources searched included Medline, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science and reference lists, up to September 2009. Cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies were included. Three independent reviewers selected the studies and extracted the data on to standardized forms. Twenty-six studies were included: 7 cohort, 2 nested case-control, 16 case-control, and 1 cross-sectional study. Quantitative data synthesis of the most precise estimates from each study was accomplished through random effects meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I 2 statistic. The summary RR for the association between caffeine intake and PD was 0.75 [95% Confidence Interval (95%CI): 0.68-0.82], with low to moderate heterogeneity (I 2 = 28.8%). Publication bias for case-control/cross-sectional studies may exist (Egger's test, p = 0.053). When considering only the cohort studies, the RR was 0.80 (95%CI: 0.71-90; I 2 = 8.1%). The negative association was weaker when only women were considered (RR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.73-1.02; I 2 = 12.9%). A linear relation was observed between levels of exposure to caffeine and the RR estimates: RR of 0.76 (95%CI: 0.72-0.80; I 2 = 35.1%) per 300 mg increase in caffeine intake. This study confirm an inverse association between caffeine intake and the risk of PD, which can hardly by explained by bias or uncontrolled confounding.

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The effect of cigarette smoking, tea, and coffee consumption on the progression of Parkinson's disease

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson’s disease: a review of the evidence

Predictors of time to requiring dopaminergic treatment in 2 Parkinson's disease cohorts

Caffeine Exposure and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studiess

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