The Effect of Chronic Exposure to Artificial UVB Radiation on the Survival and Reproduction of <i>Daphnia magna</i> Across Two Generations

Huebner, Judith D.; Loadman, N. L.; Wiegand, Murray D.; Young, Donna L. W.; Warszycki, Laura-Anne

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00454.x

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In contrast to the reduced survival reported as a consequence of UV‐B stress on cladoceran species (Connelly et al., 2015; Huebner, Loadman, Wiegand, Young, & Warszycki, 2009), low doses of UV‐A radiation may not significantly affect the life span of Daphnia , although reproduction could be affected (Zellmer, 1998). In this case, the structural equation model analysis revealed that all effects of UVR on the per capita fecundity were likely indirect effects for both lineages (Figure 5, Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling population strategies of two cladocerans adapted to different ultraviolet regimes

Fernández

Campero

Uvo

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Zooplankton have evolved several mechanisms to deal with environmental threats, such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR), and in order to identify strategies inherent to organisms exposed to different UVR environments, we here examine life‐history traits of two lineages of Daphnia pulex. The lineages differed in the UVR dose they had received at their place of origin from extremely high UVR stress at high‐altitude Bolivian lakes to low UVR stress near the sea level in temperate Sweden. Nine life‐history variables of each lineage were analyzed in laboratory experiments in the presence and the absence of sub‐lethal doses of UVR (UV‐A band), and we identified trade‐offs among variables through structural equation modeling (SEM). The UVR treatment was detrimental to almost all life‐history variables of both lineages; however, the Daphnia historically exposed to higher doses of UVR (HighUV) showed a higher overall fecundity than those historically exposed to lower doses of UVR (LowUV). The total offspring and ephippia production, as well as the number of clutches and number of offspring at first reproduction, was directly affected by UVR in both lineages. Main differences between lineages involved indirect effects that affected offspring production as the age at first reproduction. We here show that organisms within the same species have developed different strategies as responses to UVR, although no increased physiological tolerance or plasticity was shown by the HighUV lineage. In addition to known tolerance strategies to UVR, including avoidance, prevention, or repairing of damages, we here propose a population strategy that includes early reproduction and high fertility, which we show compensated for the fitness loss imposed by UVR stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling population strategies of two cladocerans adapted to different ultraviolet regimes

Fernández

Campero

Uvo

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…enzymatic repair have been shown to be temperature dependent (8,9). Despite these protective mechanisms, elevated UVR has been shown to have deleterious effects on survival and reproduction in zooplankters such as Daphnia (10–13). These include direct effects due to DNA disruption (14), organ damage (15,16) and changes in physiology (17), as well as indirect effects such as reduced nutrition and extended exposure to suboptimal temperatures due to longer periods deeper in the water column (18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UVB Radiation Affects Growth, Reproduction and Tissue Structure of Daphnia magna Across Several Temperatures

Huebner

Loadman

Wiegand

et al. 2012

Photochem & Photobiology

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We examined the effects of daily exposure to UVB on growth, reproduction and histological characteristics of Daphnia magna over two generations at 20, 22, 25 and 30°C. Animals were exposed to 16 h of UVA and photosynthetically active radiation daily. Treated animals received 6 h of UVB during the light phase. Parental (P) generation growth and reproduction was impaired by exposure to UVB at all temperatures, with the poorest production at 30°C. First brood size decreased with UVB exposure; it was lowest at 30°C. Although F1 length at birth increased with P generation age, F1 produced by UVB-exposed mothers were smaller at all temperatures. The F1 generation was followed at 20 and 25°C; at both temperatures UVB exposure reduced F1 growth and reproduction. F1 growth and F2 production were lowest when both P and F1 generations were exposed to UVB. UVB exposure damaged ovarian and gut tissue at both 25 and 30°C; the consequences of this exposure were more severe at 30°C. The observed tissue damage may relate directly to the UVB-induced impairment of growth and reproduction. This study provides new insights into the effects of UVB on an important component of the pelagic zooplankton.

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“…parental exposure to UV-B decreased survival and fitness of Daphnia offspring upon exposure to UV-B (Huebner et al 2009). Contrary to the results for Daphnia, however, parental exposure to UV-B did not increase ROS damage in offspring of guppies that were exposed to UV-B after birth.…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental exposure modulates the effects of UV‐B on offspring in guppies

2017

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Summary The environment experienced by parents can alter offspring phenotypes. Such developmental plasticity is beneficial when it optimises offspring responses to their prevailing environment. Plasticity may be detrimental, however, if there is a mismatch between parental and offspring environments, although reversible acclimation within individuals could counteract a developmental mismatch. UV‐B radiation damages cells directly and by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. There are indications that the developmental environment can influence ROS defences, which could enhance performance and fitness. In addition, animals exposed to UV‐B can acclimate to increase their antioxidant defences and thereby reduce ROS‐induced damage. Our aim was to test experimentally whether there are transgenerational effects of UV‐B exposure. We tested the hypothesis that parental exposure to UV‐B modulates offspring ROS defence mechanisms to reduce the negative effects of UV‐B in offspring. In a fully factorial experiment, we show that exposing guppies (Poecilia reticulata) to UV‐B increased the resilience of their offspring to the negative effects of UV‐B. When exposed to UV‐B, offspring from parents also exposed to UV‐B had significantly greater sustained swimming performance compared to controls. Higher swimming performance was paralleled by increased catalase activity and glutathione concentrations, and reduced ROS‐induced damage to membranes and proteins. There was no effect of parental exposure to UV‐B on offspring superoxide dismutase activity, resting and active metabolic rates or offspring size. However, parental exposure to UV‐B increased damage to proteins and infection rates by white spot fungus in control (no UV‐B) offspring. Our results showed that UV‐B acts as a signal that can induce developmental modification of phenotypes. Transgenerational matching of offspring phenotypes is likely to have a fitness advantage in environments exposed to UV‐B. However, the trade‐off between the beneficial effects of parental UV‐B exposure on offspring performance when exposed to UV‐B, and the increased susceptibility to infection and protein damage when offspring are not exposed to UV‐B can be important in determining the resilience of populations in variable and modified environments. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12817/suppinfo is available for this article.

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The Effect of Chronic Exposure to Artificial UVB Radiation on the Survival and Reproduction of Daphnia magna Across Two Generations

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Disentangling population strategies of two cladocerans adapted to different ultraviolet regimes

Disentangling population strategies of two cladocerans adapted to different ultraviolet regimes

UVB Radiation Affects Growth, Reproduction and Tissue Structure of Daphnia magna Across Several Temperatures

Parental exposure modulates the effects of UV‐B on offspring in guppies

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