The Effect of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis on Semen Quality in Adult Men: A Meta-Analysis of Case-control Studies

Abstract

Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is caused by bacterial infection and maintains a condition of lower urinary tract infection. It may be a cause of male infertility. However, studies showed inconsistent results regarding the effect of CBP on several parameters of semen. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effect of CBP on basic semen parameters. A systematic review was conducted with Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, and two Chinese databases (CNKI and WANG FANG) to identify relevant studies that involved the effect of CBP on semen parameters up to July 2014. Both RevMan5.2 and STATA 12.0 software were used for the statistical analysis. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven studies were included. The study illustrated that sperm vitality, sperm total motility, and the percentage of progressively motile sperm from CBP patients were significantly lower than controls (SMD(95%CI) −0.81[−1.14, −0.47], −1.00[−1.28, −0.73], −0.41 [−0.70, −0.12], P<0.05, respectively). However, CBP had no significant effect on semen volume, sperm concentration and the duration of semen liquefaction. In summary, our study revealed that there was a significant negative effect of CBP on sperm vitality, sperm total motility, and the percentage of progressively motile sperm. Additional, studies with larger number of subjects are needed.

Chronic Prostatitis Affects Male Reproductive Health and Is Associated with Systemic and Local Epigenetic Inactivation of C-X-C Motif Chemokine 12 Receptor C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4

“…All these symptoms are grouped in domains, termed UPOINTS [3,28] . With regard to semen quality, one controversial metaanalysis discussed the impact of chronic bacterial prostatitis on sperm vitality, sperm total motility, and the percentage of progressively motile sperm [6] . With regard to CP/ CPSS, there is accumulating evidence that CP/CPPS might negatively affect male fertility, although the mechanisms behind this are not understood [1,5,7] .…”

“…A meta-analysis has shown that there was a significant negative effect of chronic bacterial prostatitis on sperm vitality, sperm total motility, and the percentage of progressively motile sperm [6] . The evidence in CP/CPPS is, however, less corroborated.…”

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in andrological practice

“…Вторым источником АФК в эякуляте являются лейкоциты, которые в физиологических условиях производят их до 1000 раз больше, чем сперматозоиды. Такой высокий уровень продукции АФК лейкоцитами играет важную роль в механизмах клеточной защиты от инфекций и воспаления, На утверждение однако увеличение количества лейкоцитов (лейкоцитоспермия) достоверно ассоциируется с ухудшением оплодотворяющей способности эякулята [63].…”

Waddlia chondrophila and Male Infertility

“…Lifestyle habits, such as smoking, high BMI, and the increasing exposure to xenoestrogens, for example in drinking water, have been associated with reduced male fertility [4,5]. An additional hypothesis is that silent and/or chronic bacterial infections of the genital tract causing inflammation and direct deterioration of semen might partially explain some of the otherwise idiopathic cases [3,[6][7][8]. The well-known intracellular pathogen, Chlamydia trachomatis, which can cause urethritis and negatively impact spermatozoa physiology, may be a key example [9][10][11][12].…”