The effect of chronic alcohol administration on the immune responsiveness of rats

Tennenbaum, James I.; Ruppert, Richard D.; Pierre, Ronald L. St.; Greenberger, Norton J.

doi:10.1016/0021-8707(69)90032-x

Cited by 74 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Chronic alcohol ingestion has been shown to impair antibody production in humans 3,4 and rodents. 5 Other studies have demonstrated that T cell proliferative responses to mitogens and anti-CD3 antibodies are impaired in rodents consuming alcohol. 6,7 While immunologic studies of the effects of alcohol as a cofactor in AIDS are limited, there is evidence that alcohol consumption may specifically increase susceptibility to HIV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Results in Higher Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Mucosally Inoculated Rhesus Macaques

Poonia

Nelson

Bagby

et al. 2006

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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The influence of alcohol consumption on HIV pathogenesis is not well understood. In this study we used the SIV/macaque model of HIV infection to study the influence of chronic binge alcohol consumption on simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection. Rhesus macaques were fed alcohol or isocaloric amounts of sucrose via indwelling intragastric catheters and then inoculated with SIVmac251 by the rectal route. Real-time RTPCR for SIV gag mRNA showed significantly higher plasma viral copies in alcohol-consuming macaques at 4 and 6 weeks pi, compared with sucrose controls. The viral copies were 1 to 2 logs higher in these animals. The percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes in the duodenum of alcohol-consuming macaques was significantly lower than in sucrose-consuming macaques both before infection as well as at different time points postinfection. Also, the percentage of CD4+CD3+ lymphocytes in the intestines was significantly higher in alcohol-consuming macaques before infection. These findings suggest that a higher percentage of SIV target cells (CD4) in the gut coupled with lower percentages of CD8 cells, which could be important in controlling virus replication, may be responsible for the higher SIV loads observed in alcohol-consuming macaques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Results in Higher Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Mucosally Inoculated Rhesus Macaques

Poonia

Nelson

Bagby

et al. 2006

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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“…The processes linking the experience of bereavement with effects on lymphocyte activity are complex and require further investigation. Changes in nutrition, activity, and exercise levels (41), sleep (42), and drug use (43)(44)(45), which are often found in the widowed (46), could influence lymphocyte function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A reconsideration of specificity in psychosomatic medicine: from olfaction to the lymphocyte.

Stein¹

1986

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…Based on known responses to higher levels of each compound, we anticipated mild changes in one or more endpoints of immunotoxicity, particularly in the combined exposure group. For instance, responses to ethanol include decreased cell-m ediated immune functions (Tennenbaum et al, 1969;Jerrells et al, 1986Jerrells et al, , 1990Saad et al, 1993) and inhibition of NK cell function (Meadows et al, 1989). Reported responses to benzene include decreased IL-2 production (Hsieh et al, 1991;Fan, 1992), a lowered percentage of the CD4+/CD5+ subtype (Robinson et al, 1997), depressed mitogenic responses in B and T cells (Rozen et al, 1984;Rozen & Snyder, 1985), and an increased susceptibility to invasive bacteria (Rosenthal & Snyder, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Cyp2e1 Induction by Ethanol on the Immunotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Extended Low-Level Benzene Exposure

Bk²,

Ha³

et al. 2000

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Potential additive effects of ethanol consumption, a common life-style factor, and low-level benzene exposure, a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, were investigated. Ethanol is a potent inducer of the cytochrome P-450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme, which bioactivates benzene to metabolites with known genotoxicity and immunotoxicity. A liquid diet containing 4.1% ethanol was used to induce hepatic CYP2E1 activity by 4-fold in female CD-1 mice. Groups of ethanol-treated or pair-fed control mice were exposed to benzene or filtered air in inhalation chambers for 7 h/d, 5 d/wk for 6 or 11 wk. The initial experiment focused on immunotoxicity endpoints based on literature reports that ethanol enhances high-dose benzene effects on spleen, thymus, and bone marrow cellularity and on peripheral red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts. No statistically significant alterations were found in spleen lymphocyte cellularity, subtype profile, or function (mitogen-induced proliferation, cytokine production, or natural killer cell lytic activity) after 6 wk of ethanol diet, 0.44 ppm benzene exposure, or both. This observed absence of immunomodulation by ethanol alone, a potential confounding factor, further validates our previously established murine model of sustained CYP2E1 induction by dietary ethanol. Subsequent experiments involved a 10-fold higher benzene level for a longer time of 11 wk and focused on genotoxic endpoints in known target tissues. Bone marrow and spleen cells were evaluated for DNA-protein cross-links, a sensitive transient index of genetic damage, and spleen lymphocytes were monitored for hprt-mutant frequency, a biomarker of cumulative genetic insult. No treatment-associated changes in either genotoxic endpoint were detected in animals exposed to 4.4 ppm benzene for 6 or 11 wk with or without coexposure to ethanol. Thus, our observations suggest an absence of genetic toxicity in CD-1 mice exposed to environmentally relevant levels of benzene with or without CYP2E1 induction.

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The effect of chronic alcohol administration on the immune responsiveness of rats

Cited by 74 publications

References 15 publications

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Results in Higher Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Mucosally Inoculated Rhesus Macaques

Chronic Alcohol Consumption Results in Higher Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Mucosally Inoculated Rhesus Macaques

A reconsideration of specificity in psychosomatic medicine: from olfaction to the lymphocyte.

Effect of Cyp2e1 Induction by Ethanol on the Immunotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Extended Low-Level Benzene Exposure

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