The Effect of Choline Supplementation of Diets for Growing Pullets and Laying Hens

Abstract

A CHOLINE deficiency is readily produced in chicks by feeding a diet low in choline or certain choline precursors. The effect of choline deficiency in laying hens, however, is less clear. McCollum et al. (1912) fed a diet containing 70 parts ground polished rice previously extracted with hot alcohol and 30 parts of dried skimmed milk to laying hens and found that more lecithin was present in eggs produced by these hens than had been consumed in the diet. Therefore, these investigators concluded that large amounts of lecithin were synthesized by laying hens.Abbott and DeMasters (1940), using a diet similar to McCollum's supplemented -with other vitamins, found that addition of choline to this basal diet increased egg production, prevented weight loss, and reduced liver fat.When diets have been studied which were low in methionine and vitamin B 12 , good responses were obtained from the addition of choline to diets for laying hens. Welch and Couch (1955) showed that a basal diet low in B i2 and methionine was improved by the addition of choline, provided that homocystine was present. Vitamin B 12 and homocystine supplementation would also improve this diet.Burns and Ackerman (1955) reported that choline deficiency in the laying hen <:ould be produced in the absence of dietary at Columbia University Libraries on March 24, 2015

Efeitos da suplementação de colina sobre o desempenho de poedeiras comerciais

“…2). Os resultados de peso corporal estão de acordo com Nesheim et al (1971) e Tsiagbe et al (1982), os quais não observaram efeitos de dietas com e sem suplementação de colina para as aves Leghorn brancas. O mesmo foi descrito por Tsiagbe et al (1982) et al (1982), os quais comprovaram haver aumento de consumo quando aumentada a suplementação de colina na dieta.…”

“…Após oito semanas de idade, essas aves são capazes de sintetizar toda a colina exigida para ótima produção de ovos. Entretanto, quando as aves consomem ração de crescimento com adição de colina, faz-se necessária a suplementação da ração de postura para maximizar a produção de ovos (Nesheim et al, 1971;Tsiagbe et al,1982;Leeson e Summers, 2001). …”

Beneficial Impacts of Choline in Animal and Human With Special Reference to Its Role Against Fatty Liver Syndrome

“…The choline requirement as demonstrated by growth that was better gained when the diet containing 3467 kcal ME/Kg diet, while the requirement for safeguard against perosis was greater to be about 1900 ppm (Fritz et al, 1967). Nesheim et al (1971) showed that choline supplementation reduced hepatic fat content compared to control; however no improvements in weight gain for pullets fed corn-soy diet supplemented with choline during 8-20 weeks of age. Agricultural Research Council, 1975 showed that the growing poultry chicks have a requirement for choline of around 1300 mg/kg diet (ARC, 1975).…”

YUMURTA TAVUGU RASYONLARINA KATıLAN BETAİNİN YUMURTA VERİMİ VE YUMURTA KALİTESİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

“…Yumurta t(lvuklarının önemli miktarlarda kalİn sentezledikleri bilinmektedir (5,9). Bazı ar<ıştırıcılar (5,8,9), bu biyosentezin hayvanın tüm kolin \"(~metil grupları ihtiyacını tam olarak karşılayabil-diğini belirtirlerken, bazıları da (10, 14, 18) karşılayamadığını da kaydetmektedicler.…”

“…Bazı ar<ıştırıcılar (5,8,9), bu biyosentezin hayvanın tüm kolin \"(~metil grupları ihtiyacını tam olarak karşılayabil-diğini belirtirlerken, bazıları da (10, 14, 18) karşılayamadığını da kaydetmektedicler. Araştırmalardaki son uçların farklı olması, tavuğun canlı ağırlığı, \'('rimi.…”