The effect of chloride ions on the dissolution of chalcopyrite in acidic solutions

Lu, Zheng-Ya; Jeffrey, Matthew I; Lawson, F.

doi:10.1016/s0304-386x(00)00075-x

Cited by 143 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Additional leaching experiments carried out with chloride concentration as high as 3 M confirmed that over 0.5 M the chloride concentration has a negligible effect on the rate of copper extraction from the sulfidized concentrate. This result is in complete agreement with the results reported by Cheng and Lawson [8] for the leaching of synthetic covellite, and by Lu et al [10] for the leaching of chalcopyrite in the H 2 SO 4 -NaCl-O 2 system. However, it should be pointed out that although higher chloride concentrations than 0.5 M do not have a direct effect on the rate of copper extraction, they increase the boiling point of the solution.…”

Section: A Effect Of Stirring Speedsupporting

confidence: 93%

Leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite with H2SO4-NaCl-O2

Padilla

Zambrano

Ruiz

2003

Metall Mater Trans B

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The recovery of copper from chalcopyrite by leaching is complex not only due to the slow dissolution kinetics of this mineral in most aqueous media but also due to the production of solutions that are heavily contaminated with iron. On the contrary, the leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite is very attractive because of a faster and more selective dissolution of copper compared to the leaching of the untreated chalcopyrite. In this work, the results of leaching in H 2 SO 4 -NaCl-O 2 solutions of sulfidized chalcopyrite concentrate are discussed. Experiments were carried out with chalcopyrite concentrates previously reacted with elemental sulfur at 375 °C for 60 minutes. The results showed that the concentration of chloride ions below 0.5 M, temperature, and leaching time are important variables for the extraction of Cu. On the other hand, Fe extraction was little affected by the same variables, remaining below 6 pct for all the experimental conditions tested. Microscopic observations of the leached particles showed that the elemental sulfur produced by the reaction does not form a coherent layer surrounding the particle, but rather concentrates in certain locations as large clusters. The leaching kinetics can be accurately described by a nonreactive core-shrinking rim topochemical expression for spherical particles 1 Ϫ (1 Ϫ 0.45X) 1/3 ϭ kt. The activation energy found was 76 kJ/mol for the range 85 °C to 100 °C.

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Section: A Effect Of Stirring Speedsupporting

confidence: 93%

Leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite with H2SO4-NaCl-O2

Padilla

Zambrano

Ruiz

2003

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…Debido a esto, pronto las faenas mineras deberán enfrentar la problemática del agotamiento de material de alimentación a las plantas de LX-SX-EW, además de leyes cada vez más bajas, escasez del recurso hídrico y que la única alimentación disponible a futuro será la calcopirita, sulfuro de cobre cuyo tradicional procesamiento es a través de una combinación de técnicas de flotación y pirometalúrgicas. La calcopirita es el mineral más refractario y abundante de los sulfuros de cobre [1 y 2] , por lo que la metalurgia extractiva de este metal se basa principalmente en este mineral [3] . Debido a esto, para permitir el uso continuo de estas plantas, es necesario desarrollar alternativas tecnológicas para el procesamiento de estos sulfuros abordando de esta forma la lenta ciné-tica de lixiviación del principal sulfuro primario de cobre.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Lixiviación de la calcopirita en medios clorurados

Ibáñez

Velásquez

2013

REVMETAL

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Los procesos hidrometalúrgicos, como las pilas de lixiviación (LX), seguidos por los procesos de extracción por solventes (SX) y electro-obtención (EW) son aplicados a óxidos y sulfuros secundarios de cobre. Sin embargo, estos óxidos y sulfuros secundarios se encuentran en la superficie de los depósitos, los cuales se están agotando, y sólo van quedando los sulfuros primarios. Debido a esto, pronto las faenas mineras deberán enfrentar la problemática del agotamiento de material de alimentación a las plantas de LX-SX-EW, además de leyes cada vez más bajas, escasez del recurso hídrico y que la única alimentación disponible a futuro será la calcopirita, sulfuro de cobre cuyo tradicional procesamiento es a través de una combinación de técnicas de flotación y pirometalúrgicas. La calcopirita es el mineral más refractario y abundante de los sulfuros de cobre [1 y 2] , por lo que la metalurgia extractiva de este metal se basa principalmente en este mineral [3] . Debido a esto, para permitir el uso continuo de estas plantas, es necesario desarrollar alternativas tecnológicas para el procesamiento de estos sulfuros abordando de esta forma la lenta ciné-tica de lixiviación del principal sulfuro primario de cobre.Es por esto que existen varios estudios relacionados con la lixiviación de este mineral en diferentes medios, de los cuales los más comunes son amoniacales, nitratados, sulfatados, clorurados y la utilización de bacterias. De ellos, la ventaja de utilizar medios clorurados es que es uno de los principales compo- Lixiviación de la calcopirita en medios clorurados (•)T. Ibáñez * y L. Velásquez * ResumenEl objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el efecto de parámetros y aditivos (MnO 2 -iones de plata -pirita) en la cinética de disolución de la calcopirita mediante pruebas de disolución con concentrado de calcopirita y calcopirita natural en matraces y reactores agitados mecánicamente bajo condiciones moderadas. La disolución de la calcopirita en medios clorurados es dependiente del potencial de la solución, obteniéndose valores de velocidad aceptables dentro de los 540 y 630 mV (SHE). El pH alrededor de los 2,5 permite mantener los potenciales de solución en valores donde la calcopirita lixivia a velocidades aceptables debido a que ocurre la precipitación de hierro. Tanto la pirita como los iones de plata catalizan la disolución y el efecto es mayor con ambas especies presentes. El MnO 2 posee un efecto negativo en la disolución debido a que aumenta el potencial de la solución a valores donde la velocidad disminuye considerablemente. Palabras claveLixiviación de calcopirita; Medios clorurados; Potencial de solución; Aditivos catalizadores; MnO 2 ; Pirita; Iones de plata. The dissolution of chalcopyrite in chloride media AbstractThe aim of this investigation is to determinate the effects of parameters and additives on the kinetics of dissolution of chalcopyrite on moderated conditions by means of dissolutions test with chalcopyrite concentrate and pure chalcopyrite in shake flasks and instrumented stirred rea...

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“…Many researchers have argued that chloride ions are beneficial to leaching in the hydrometallurgical processing of chalcopyrite [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], owing to the formation of soluble copper chloro complexes [8,9]. Cupric and ferric ions have been tested as oxidants in chloride media [10][11][12][13] with beneficial results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching of Chalcopyrite in Acidified Nitrate Using Seawater-Based Media

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The leaching of copper from industrial copper ore with 4.8 wt % chalcopyrite by acidified nitrate with seawater based media was investigated. Water quality (pure water and seawater), temperature (25-70 • C), reagent concentration, and nitrate type (sodium and potassium) were studied variables. Leaching conditions were: 100 g ore/1 L solution; P 80 of 62.5 µm; 400 rpm and leaching time, varying between 3 and 7 days. Nitrates in sulfuric acid are known to be good oxidants for sulfide ores. This study showed that up to 80 wt % copper could be extracted at 45 • C in 7 days. In the absence of nitrate, under the same leaching conditions, only a 28 wt % copper extraction was achievable. The extraction rate increased to 97.2 wt % when leach temperature was increased to 70 • C in nitrate-chloride-acid media. The presence of chloride ions also increased the copper extraction rate. The copper extraction achieved in seawater systems were higher than in water systems under the same leaching conditions (increased by an average of 18 wt %). This effect can be attributable to the contribution of chloride that increases proton (H + ) activity.

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The effect of chloride ions on the dissolution of chalcopyrite in acidic solutions

Cited by 143 publications

References 8 publications

Leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite with H2SO4-NaCl-O2

Leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite with H2SO4-NaCl-O2

Lixiviación de la calcopirita en medios clorurados

Leaching of Chalcopyrite in Acidified Nitrate Using Seawater-Based Media

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