The effect of chitosan on the flammability and thermal stability of polylactic acid/ammonium polyphosphate biocomposites

Chen, Chen; Gu, Xiaoyu; Jin, Xiaodong; Sun, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.035

Cited by 156 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Upon heating, fire retardant (FR) intumescent materials form a foamed cellular charred layer, which protects the underlying material from the action of heat flux and flame. The proposed mechanism is based on the charred layer acting as a physical barrier, which slows down heat and mass transfer between the gas and the condensed phase [13,14]. Generally, intumescent formulations contain an acid source, a carbon source and a blowing agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on the Use of Lignin and Its Derivatives in Fire Retardant Polymer Systems

Mandlekar¹,

Cayla²,

Rault³

et al. 2018

Lignin - Trends and Applications

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Lignin is a highly abundant bio-polymeric material that constitutes cellulose one of major component in cell wall of woody plants. Alternatively, large quantity of lignin is yearly available from numerous pulping and paper industries; this is the key point that justifies its large use for industrial applications. Lignin could be one of the most essential and sustainable bio-resources as raw material for the development of environmentally friendly polymer composite. Owing to its huge chemical structure, lignin can provide additional functionality such as filler, reinforcing agent, compatibilizer, stabilizer, etc. In this study, the fire retardant functionality of lignin has been employed in polymeric materials. Due to high charring capability, lignin is effectively used as carbon source in combination with other flame retardants for designing the intumescent system for polymeric materials. Further in this, several articles related to lignin-based intumescent are reviewed and interesting work formulation as well as meaningful results achieved in the flame retardancy are discussed. More attention is given to the studies concerning the use of current intumescent systems for textile applications by means of coating on fabric/nonwoven and melt blending in bulk polymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on the Use of Lignin and Its Derivatives in Fire Retardant Polymer Systems

Mandlekar¹,

Cayla²,

Rault³

et al. 2018

Lignin - Trends and Applications

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“…The fire resistant effect of CS has been explored by researchers. Chen et al introduced chitosan (CS) in association with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) into polylactic acid (PLA) by melt blending to improve the flame retardancy of the biocomposites . The results of UL‐94 shown that the PLA sample containing 2% CS and 5% APP achieved the maximal limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 33.1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chen et al introduced chitosan (CS) in association with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) into polylactic acid (PLA) by melt blending to improve the flame retardancy of the biocomposites. 18 The results of UL-94 shown that the PLA sample containing 2% CS and 5% APP achieved the maximal limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 33.1. It suggests that the interaction between CS and APP could provide synergistic effects in improving the flame retardancy of PLA biocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/chitosan composites

Jiao

Chen

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The application of chitosan (CS) in new materials is a hot research topic. In this paper, CS was used alone as flame retardant to prepare thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) composites. Then, the flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/CS composites were intensively investigated using cone calorimeter test (CCT), scanning electron microscope (SEM), microscale combustion colorimeter (MCC) test, thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG‐IR), and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The results showed that CS can reduce the fire risk of TPU; 2.0‐wt% CS could make the peak value of heat release rate (pHRR) decreased to 457.2 kW/m2, reduced by 65.9% compared with TPU. And the peak value of smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke release (TSR) of the same sample was decreased by 79.4% and 54.2%, respectively. The TG‐IR and GC‐MS results confirmed that CS could promote TPU decomposition in advance, reacting with the decomposition products of TPU. Therefore, the production of combustible gas was reduced. The GC‐MS results showed that the production of isocyanates and ethers was reduced with the addition of CS. The digital photographs of SEM for the samples after CCT were shown that the char residue layer of the sample containing 2.0‐wt% CS was fibrous in shape. It could be speculated that the thermal decomposition products from TPU could react with CS at low temperature, which reduced the production of flammable gases. So CS had a good prospect in reducing the fire hazard for TPU.

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“…Srikulkit deposited poly-phosphoric acid and chitosan on silk fabrics by LbL, the silk was completely decomposed at 600℃, while 60 layers of silk were covered with coke, and the vein structure was intact [12]. Chen added 5% ammonium polyphosphate and 2% chitosan to polylactic acid by melt blending, and the heat release rate was reduced by 51.2% to UL-94 V-0 level [13]. Bai added 22.5% ammonium polyphosphate and 7.5% chitosan to polypropylene by melt blending.…”

Section: Poly-phosphatementioning

confidence: 99%

The Chitosan Based Flame Retardants: A Mini Review Techniques

2018

Topics in Chemical &Amp; Material Engineering

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The based Chitosan flame retardant has the characteristics of green sustainable development and meets the future development direction of the flame retardant. Built on the study of the based chitosan flame retardants by scholars at home and abroad, the research progress of the based chitosan flame retardants is systematically introduced in recent years, namely single-component, composite and chemically modified chitosan flame retardants. The singlecomponent chitosan flame retardant can improve the thermal stability of the polymer to a certain extent, but it cannot improve the flame-retardant grade of the material. The main research direction of chitosan composite flame retardant is the application of green compound phosphorus-containing substances, the exploration of different compounding technology, and the in-depth development of layer-by-layer self-assembly technology of fiber products. In the fields of fiber, plastic and other products, the molecular design is based on the requirements of the chitosan flame retardant and the adaptability of the materials, and the characteristics of high efficiency flameretardant, blending compatibility, and finishing wash ability are obtained.

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The effect of chitosan on the flammability and thermal stability of polylactic acid/ammonium polyphosphate biocomposites

Cited by 156 publications

References 23 publications

An Overview on the Use of Lignin and Its Derivatives in Fire Retardant Polymer Systems

An Overview on the Use of Lignin and Its Derivatives in Fire Retardant Polymer Systems

Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of TPU/chitosan composites

The Chitosan Based Flame Retardants: A Mini Review Techniques

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