The effect of cerebro-spinal fluid in collagen guide channel on sciatic nerve regeneration in rat

Abstract

ABSTRACTgaps by inserting the severed nerve stumps into the two ends of the canal (16). Some natural and synthetic substances can be shaped in structures that are able to promote nerve regeneration for example: eggshell membrane (12), silicone (31), human amnion layer (22), collagen (18), collagen-Chitosan (36).Collagen-based biomaterials have been extensively studied as a promising nerve guide (7). Since collagen is a natural material, it shows excellent biocompatibility, insignificant immunogenicity, and high bio-absorbability (27).█ INTRODUCTION F or peripheral nerve repair, nerve autografts have always been considered as the "gold standard" for the restoration of structural and functional nerve regeneration (34).Autograft has several disadvantages, including the need for an extra-incision, loss of donor nerve function, mismatch in size between the donor nerve and the injured nerve, and a limited availability of donor nerve (33). To solve these problems, nerve guide channels (NGCs) have been made to bridge the nerve AIm: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in nerve regeneration across the collagen guide channel in comparison with autograft. mATERIAl and mEThODS: Forty adult male rats (250-300 g) were randomized into (1) collagen channel+CSF, (2) collagen channel+normal saline (NS), (3) autograft, and (4) sham surgery groups. The left sciatic nerve was exposed and a 10 mm nerve segment was cut and removed. In the collagen groups, the proximal and distal cuts ends of sciatic nerve were telescoped into the nerve guides and CSF or NS injected into collagen conduit. In the autograft group, the 10 mm nerve segment was turned backwards and used an autologous nerve graft. All animals were evaluated by sciatic functional index (SFI) and electrophysiology, histology, and immunohistochemistry testing. RESUlTS:The improvements in SFI since the beginning of the last evaluation in experimental groups were measured. On days 49 and 60 post-operation, the mean SFI of the collagen+CSF group was significantly greater than the autograft group (P< 0.05). On day 90, the mean nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the collagen+CSF group was greater than autograft group (P< 0.05). The number of myelinated fibers in the collagen+CSF group was significantly greater than that of the collagen + NS group at day 90 (P<0.05).CONClUSION: CSF in collagen nerve guide channel effectively enhances nerve regeneration and promotes functional recovery in injured sciatic nerve of rats.

The advances in nerve tissue engineering: From fabrication of nerve conduit toin vivonerve regeneration assays

“…Farjah et al () have also demonstrated that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in collagen nerve guide channel efficiently increases nerve regeneration and promotes functional recovery in the injured sciatic nerve (10‐mm sciatic nerve gap) of rats.…”

Fumaria parviflora regulates oxidative stress and apoptosis gene expression in the rat model of varicocele induction

“…For the induction of varicocele, rats were anaesthetised via the administration of ketamine and xylazine at doses of 50 mg/kg BW and 10 mg/kg BW, respectively. Afterwards, varicocele was induced by a partial obstruction of the left renal vein (Farjah, Dolatkhah, Pourheidar, & Heshmatian, 2017;Turner, 2001). All experimental procedures were performed in a sterile condition.…”

Cerebrospinal fluid replacement solutions promote neuroglia migratory behaviors and spinal explant outgrowth in microfluidic culture

“…CSF from rats with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) initiate profound cellular changes in glia to cause synaptic dysfunction (Shanmukha, Narayanappa, Nalini, Alladi, & Raju, 2018), while CSF from conditions of sepsis and meningitis directly infect glia to influence muscle contraction (Delbaz et al., 2020). Moreover, in vivo rat models of spinal cord injury have used healthy CSF to increase neuronal extension and recovery via collagen nerve guide channels (Farjah, Dolatkhah, Pourheidar, & Heshmatian, 2017). Nonetheless, the vast majority of tissue engineering studies continue to use conventional cell culture media, such as Neurobasal (NB) and Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), in the study of neural stem cells, transplantable biomaterials, and development of organotypic explants that model spinal injury and disease (Cembran, Bruggeman, Williams, Parish, & Nisbet, 2020; Tsintou, Dalamagkas, & Makris, 2020).…”